Given at the end is an article. Analyze it and output in the following JSON format.
{
"analysis": {
"bias": {
"score": "1-10, where 1-10 measures UNFAIR or UNHELPFUL bias.
As the AI analyst, you must judge:
1. Fairness of Bias:
- Is the tone/alarm proportional to events?
- Is criticism warranted by facts?
- Are similar actions judged equally?
2. Utility of Bias:
- Does the bias help readers understand real implications?
- Does it highlight genuine concerns that neutral language might minimize?
- Does it provide valuable context through its perspective?
Example: An article about climate change might use emotional language
and scary scenarios. While this is technically 'bias', it might be
USEFUL bias if it helps readers grasp real dangers that cold, neutral
language would understate.
A high bias score should only be given when bias is both unfair AND unhelpful.",
"description": "Explain both unfair and useful bias found. For each biased element:
1. Is it fair/warranted?
2. Does it serve a valuable purpose for readers?
3. Should it be removed or retained?"
},
"missing_context_misinformation": {
"score": "1-10",
"points": [
"", # DIRECTLY provide essential context the reader needs without ANY phrases like "the article lacks/doesn't/fails to mention/omits" etc. Simply state the relevant facts. Each point up to 5 sentences as needed. Up to 10 points. NEVER refer to the article itself or what it's missing - just supply the information directly. The missing context should try to compensate for the bias in the article, and not just add related information.
]
},
"disinformation_lies": {
"score": "1-10",
"points": [
"" # Provide corrections for verifiably false statement. These lines should be brief. Upto 10 points.
# Use Wikipedia (via the search tool) to verify events and dates up through 2025-06-19. Any event dated ≤ 2025-06-19 should not be marked as disinformation if it matches Wikipedia. Only flag statements you can not verify or that Wikipedia contradicts as of 2025-06-19.”
]
}
},
"summary": [], # A list of 2 to 5 paragraphs. Provide a version that: * Retains key facts and proportional concerns, * Removes unfair bias while keeping warranted criticism, * Adds critical missing context, * Corrects any inaccuracies. Remove author attribution. Maintain article's POV - no meta-references. You can decide the most appropriate length based on the article.summary can be longer than the article if needed.
"title": "Provide an Appropriate Title Based on the Article's Content.",
"changes_made": [
"List significant changes made in the summary",
"Include both removals and additions",
"Note bias adjustments"
],
"key_words": [
"3-10 relevant terms to help identify related articles",
"Focus on major themes and topics"
],
"keywords_update": {
"keyword-to-add-or-update": "new summary or updated to replace the previous"
}
}
KEYWORDS UPDATE INSTRUCTIONS:
- We want to save new information from beyond your knowledge cutoff of Mar 2024.
- Information can come from the provided article or Wikipedia.
- Pick up to 3 keywords of highest importance to update with new information.
- If a keyword lacks a summary, write one from scratch.
- For each keyword, list one line per new fact (up to 50 sentences per keyword).
- Each fact must:
1. Be one or two sentences long.
2. End with 1-3 references in brackets, e.g. [apnews], [nytimes,wikipedia].
3. Immediately after the reference(s), append a hyphen and the date of the event or when the fact was reported, in ISO format:
`Statement. [source] - [YYYY-MM-DD]`
- If you update an existing keyword's source (e.g. [foxnews] → [apnews]), ensure the replacement is supported by an article.
- Ensure each keyword is specific enough that its new facts warrant inclusion.
<example>
ARTICLE TOPIC
Raiding of 100+ immigrants allegedly illegal alients and alleged members from the Venezuelan gang Tren de Aragua, MS-13, and the Hells Angels for deportation. Authorities also found drugs at the underground nightclub at a strip mall in Colorado Springs. President Donald Trump praised the raid, saying on TruthSocial it had targeted some of the worst people in the US, whom he alleged judges are reluctant to deport.
keywords worth updating:
tren-de-aragua (I am sure this gang has a big list of information, but this deportation will be worth a mention)
tren-de-aragua+deportation (a more specific keyword that can take more detail about this incident)
trump+illegal_deportation (add this to the list of illegal deportations conducted by trump administration)
colorado_springs (this is a unique event for this town. an update here will add some trivia.)
trump+immigration (a key fact worth mentioning about how trump is implementation his immigration policies)
keywords to not update:
trump (too broad. not one of top 50 facts related to trump.)
illegal_deportation (depending upon existing content, may be too crowded for this incident to be added)
colorado (too broad, unlikely to fit this event in top 50)
drug_raids (too broad, unlikely to fit this event in top 50)
</example>
<existing_keywords_summaries>
nippon-steel+us-steel-acquisition :
golden-share+national-security :
trump+steel-industry-policy :
cfius+steel-acquisitions :
japan+us-steel-investments :
pittsburgh+steel-manufacturing :
united-steelworkers+foreign-acquisitions :
biden+trump+steel-policy :
steel-tariffs+market-protection :
foreign-investment+manufacturing :
nippon-steel+us-steel-acquisition :
golden-share+national-security :
trump+steel-industry-policy :
cfius+steel-acquisitions :
japan+us-steel-investments :
nippon-steel+us-steel-acquisition :
golden-share+national-security :
trump+steel-industry-policy :
cfius+steel-acquisitions :
japan+us-steel-investments :
</existing_keywords_summaries>
<wikipedia_requested_titles>
TITLE Tariffs in the second Trump administration
President Donald Trump announced a series of steep tariffs on nearly all goods imported to the US. On April 2, 2025, Trump signed an executive order imposing a minimum 10% tariff on all US imports with elevated tariffs on 57 nations and limited exceptions. The general tariffs took effect on April 5.
Trump escalated (or stepped up) an ongoing trade war with China; Baseline tariffs on Chinese imports, were raise to an effective 145% after April 9, 2025. He also (started or) initiated a new trade war with Canada and Mexico (see Second presidency of Donald Trump), by imposing a 25% tariff on most goods from the countries; However, he later (gave or) granted indefinite exemptions for goods compliant with the USMCA (in use since 2020). He later (had put in place or) imposed a 25% tariff on imported steel, aluminum, and automotive products from all countries.
The "tariff on steel [... will become ]50 percent", from the first week of June.
Aftermath: The 2025 stock market crash happened in April. Trump is calling April 2, 2025, "Liberation Day".
Exceptions: U.S. authorities said (April 11), that there will be no tariffs on smart phones, laptop computers, hard disks, computer processors, and memory chips.
Reactions: [U.S. politicians or] "Democrats call for insider trading investigation", according to media.
== Countries ==
In Asia
China. On May 12, officials from the US and China agreed to bring the tariffs down for 90 days. Those tariffs were taken down to 30% (on Chinese things) and (to) 10% on things from the U.S. However, further further negotiations and discussions are being done. Earlier (April), tariffs jumped to "125% ... . But that comes on top of a 20% fentanyl-related tariff that Trump previously [had put in place, on Chinese goods, or] imposed on China", according to media (on April 10). Earlier (April 9), media said that tariffs will "climb to 125 percent".
Japan. Negotiations about trade are ongoing (as of 2025's second quarter); The "US President [... said in May, that there now is] a partnership between United States Steel Corp and Nippon Steel Corp of Japan.
Philippines, 17% tariff (as of 2025's second quarter)
India. 27% "reciprocal tariff" for Indian goods; That tariff was applied on April 2.
Thailand. 36% tariff (as of 2025's second quarter) A date for trade talks between the U.S. and Thailand, has not been set (as of the middle of May).
"Thailand is in big geopolitical trouble [... with the U.S. government] over the Uyghur deportation [from Thailand to China,] in February and the [... case] of Paul Chambers, an American academic", according to media; Furthermore, "these two issues come up before [the issue of] tariffs". Earlier (April 2025), Thaksin Shinawatra claimed that negotiations about lowering tariffs, have stopped, and "they [the US] are now acting on information [...] about lawsuits against a number of American citizens". Trade talks "had been scheduled for April 23 in" the United States; The talks did not happen, because of a postponement.
In Europe:
Ukraine; There is "[10 percent tariff or] blanket 10 percent tariffs on ... Ukraine" (as of April 10), according to a U.S. senator; Earlier (April 9), a law was suggested to the U.S. senate, that would take away that tariff; The law proposal is called Supporting American Allies Act.
EU countries: Tariffs will be paused until July 9, according to the U.S. president; Negotiations are supposed to happen. Earlier (and as of April 10), "Some of the EU’s import duties of between 10% and 25% will [be in place, or] come into force on April 15, with others taking effect in May and the remainder in December", according to media (April 10). A proposal for a "straight 50% Tariff on the European Union" (from June 1), came from the U.S. president (May 23).
Norway. 15% tariff (as of April 8); However, the U.S. government made changes (April 9), but media is not sure if those changes, deal with Norwegian goods.
In the Middle East:
Israel; There is "[10 percent tariff or] blanket 10 percent tariffs on ... Israel" (as of April 10), according to a U.S. senator; Earlier (April 9), a law was suggested to the U.S. senate, that would take away that tariff; The law proposal is called Supporting American Allies Act.
== References ==
TITLE Robert Lighthizer
Robert Emmet Lighthizer (born October 11, 1947) is an American lawyer. He was the 18th United States Trade Representative from May 15, 2017 to January 20, 2021.
Lighthizer is a partner with the law firm of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom, where he works to gain access to foreign markets on behalf of U.S. corporations. In the 1980s, he served as deputy trade representative during President Ronald Reagan's administration.
== Early life ==
Lighthizer was born in Ashtabula, Ohio. He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1969 and a Juris Doctor in 1973 from Georgetown University.
== Career ==
From 1973 through 1978, before working in government, Lighthizer worked for the Washington, DC law firm of Covington & Burling.
In 1983, during the administration of President Ronald Reagan, he became deputy trade representative. He negotiated two dozen bilateral international agreements on subjects ranging from steel to grain.
In 1985, Lighthizer negotiated against the United States, on behalf of Brazil, in a trade dispute over ethanol. Between 1985 and 1990, Lighthizer represented five foreign clients.
He has been a long time supporter of the U.S. steel industry. He convinced Japan, South Korea, Mexico, and the United Kingdom to accept “voluntary restraint agreements” to limit the amount of cheap steel they could dump on the U.S. market.
== United States Trade Representative (2017–2021) ==
On January 3, 2017, then-President-elect Donald Trump announced that he planned to nominate Lighthizer as U.S. trade representative, a cabinet-level position.
Lighthizer's nomination was confirmed by the United States Senate on a 82-14 vote.
During his time in office, he focused on American trade policy during Trump's first presidency. His policies were focused toward protection of manufacturing in the United States. Lighthizer had an important role in the administration's renegotiation of NAFTA and the United States' trade war with China. Many of these trade policies have been kept by the Biden administration.
== Second Trump administration ==
In November 2024, President-elect Trump said that Lighthizer will serve as his "trade czar" during his second administration.
== Personal life ==
Lighthizer lives in Rockville, Maryland and has 2 children.
== References ==
== Other websites ==
Media related to Robert Lighthizer at Wikimedia Commons
Quotations related to Robert Lighthizer at Wikiquote
Lighthizer Appearances on C-SPAN
TITLE Russian invasion of Ukraine
On 24 February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine. The invasion causes thousands of deaths every month (as of 2025).
It is part of the Russo-Ukrainian War that started in 2014. The 2022 invasion started after the 2021–2022 Russo-Ukrainian crisis. Russia supported the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic in the months before the invasion.
More Russian soldiers came to the Donbas region of eastern Ukraine on 21 February 2022. The invasion was condemned by many countries. In Russia, many opposition groups formed anti-war protests. Thousands of the protesters were arrested by the Russian government.
Millions of refugees fled to western Ukraine or to Poland and other foreign countries. Many foreign countries denounced the invasion. On 2 March 2022, United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/1 demanded that Russia take its troops out of Ukraine.
The war is ongoing, as of 2025.
== Background ==
In 1994, the security agreement, "The Budapest Memorandum (Officially the Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances) (pictured)" was signed. It was signed by authorities from the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Russian Federation. Those authorities promised to [protect or] safeguard Ukraine’s sovereignty in exchange for [Ukraine giving or] surrendering nuclear weapons" to Russia.
== Announcement of war ==
At about 06:00 Moscow time (UTC+3), Russian president Vladimir Putin announced a military operation in eastern Ukraine. Minutes later, missile strikes began at locations across the country, including in the capital Kyiv. The Ukrainian Border Service said that its border posts with Russia and Belarus were attacked.
== Invasion ==
Minutes after Putin's announcement, explosions were heard in Kyiv, Kharkiv, Odesa and the Donbas. Ukrainian officials said that Russia landed soldiers in Odesa and Mariupol and launched cruise and ballistic missiles at airfields, military headquarters, and military depots in Kyiv, Kharkiv, and Dnipro. Soldiers also went into Ukraine through Belarus. It is the largest attack by one country against another in Europe since World War II.
President Volodymyr Zelensky said that there would be martial law in Ukraine. Later he ordered the Ukrainian Army to kill as many Russian invaders as possible.
=== February 2022 ===
Moments after the invasion on 24 February, the Ukrainian government said that Russia took Chernobyl and Pripyat. The US government said that the Russians were holding the workers of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant hostage. At 22:00 (UTC+2), Russian forces captured Snake Island after a naval and air attack of the island. The thirteen border guards on the island were thought to have been killed in the bombardment after refusing to surrender to a Russian warship. President Zelenskyy announced that the border guards would be posthumously granted the title of Hero of Ukraine, the country's highest honor. However, it was found out later that the border guards were alive and captured by Russian forces.
On February 24, "the village of Hostomel near Kyiv became one of the hottest points of the invasion. Russian troops [... tried] to land paratroopers at the Antonov airfield", according to media. Furthermore, about 30 Ukrainian soldiers from "HUR special forces had only Kalashnikov rifles, a few grenade launchers, one armored personnel carrier, and grenades. They shot down a Russian helicopter, and [... some helicopters] were downed by National Guardsmen. In total, all special services and armed formations destroyed about 500 [Russian] paratroopers".
On February 25, while Russian soldiers approached Kyiv, Zelenskyy asked residents to create Molotov cocktails to "neutralise" the enemy. Putin meanwhile called on the Ukrainian military to overthrow the government. Ukraine gave 18,000 rifles (a kind of gun) to Kyiv residents who wanted to fight. Some Russian soldiers did enter northern Kyiv.
On 26 February, heavy fighting was reported to the south of Kyiv, near the city of Vasylivka and its air base. A Ukrainian fighter jet (Su-27) shot down a Russian transport plane (Ilyushin -76) carrying paratroopers near Vasylkiv. Hundreds of deaths were reported in Kyiv during this battle. That same day, Russia claimed to have captured Melitopol, near the Sea of Azov.
On 27 February, President Putin ordered Russia's nuclear deterrent forces to be on "special alert" because of "aggressive statements" by NATO. That same day, President Zelenskyy announced that Ukrainian and Russian officials had agreed to meet, without conditions. That same day, a Russian airstrike killed over 70 Ukrainian soldiers at a military base in Okhtyrka. Russian soldiers have been accused of killing civilians and the using of cluster bombs on civilians - which may be seen as war crimes.
=== March 2022 ===
On 1 March, Ukrainian sources said Belarus joined the invasion, sending its soldiers to the Chernihiv region in Ukraine's north. Belarus said this had not happened. On the same day, there was at least one rocket attack on Kyiv; With AFP as a source, media wrote that "Russian strike stirs symbolism at Kyiv Holocaust site". The next day, Russia claimed to have captured its first large city, the Black Sea port of Kherson, as fighting intensifies across many parts of Ukraine, including civilian areas. That same day, the International Criminal Court began an investigation into possible war crimes committed in Ukraine.
On 3 March, Ukraine passed a law that states captured Russian military equipment and tanks does not need to be declared and tax will not be applied on them. The next day, Russian forces attacked and bombed the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant. The main reactor was not hit and fallout did not occur. That same day, foreign news outlets including the BBC, CNN, and many others stopped their reporting in Russia, after new legislation threatened 15-year jail terms for spreading "fake news".
On 5 March, Russia announced a temporary ceasefire to allow civilians to leave the cities of Mariupol and Volnovakha. The next day, Vinnytsia International Airport was destroyed by Russian missiles, as President Zelenskyy called for a no-fly zone to stop future attacks in Ukraine.
On 7 March, Ukraine rejected a proposal by Moscow to open refugee passages after Russia said refugees would only be allowed to reach Belarus or Russia.
Putin had denied on 7 February, that Russian conscripts were used in the invasion, because Russian law does not allow the use of conscripts in battle outside Russia. Russian media later said that conscripts were used.
On 13 March 30 Russian missiles hit the Yavoriv military base, close to the border with Poland, killing 35 and injuring 134 others.
On 24 March, NATO announced that four new battlegroups totalling 40,000 soldiers will be sent to Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania and Slovakia, along with enhanced readiness for potential chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear threats.
On 29 March, Russia's deputy defense minister said that Moscow decided to "cut back" military activity near Kyiv and Chernihiv to increase mutual trust for future negotiations to agree and sign a peace deal with Ukraine".
=== April 2022 ===
On 2 April, Russia said that the country would not work with Western countries on the International Space Station until the "full and unconditional removal of illegal sanctions". The next day, Ukraine accused Russia and Putin of war crimes because of civilian killings such as the Bucha massacre. U.S. President Joe Biden called for Putin to be tried for war crimes. On 7 April, Russia was suspended from the United Nations Council on Human Rights. This followed a vote which was backed by 97 nations.
On 8 April, Russia attacked the Kramatorsk train station with missiles, which killed many civilians trying to evacuate, including children. On 13 April, the Russian flagship cruiser Moskva, the largest naval vessel to be sunk since the end of World War II, sank after an explosion off of the Ukrainian coast.
On 19 April, Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov announced that Russia's military operation had entered a new phase, focused on the entire front line of Eastern Ukraine with the city of Kreminna reportedly the first to be captured.
=== May 2022 ===
On 14 May, Russian forces withdrew (or did leave) from Ukraine's second-largest city Kharkiv, in the north-east of the country.
The Battle of Kharkiv ended on 14 May 2022. Ukrainian soldiers won it.
On 16 May, the Siege of Mariupol ended in a Russian victory.
=== June 2022 ===
The Battle of Sievierodonetsk is going on, as of June's first week.
On 27 June, the Russian Armed Forces fired missiles at a mall in Kremenchuk, Ukraine, which killed sixteen people and injured over 50 others.
=== July 2022 ===
On 3 July, Russia and the Luhansk People's Republic took control of the entire Luhansk Oblast after seizing Lysychansk. On 14 July, a Russian missile attacked Vinnytsia in central Ukraine, which killed at least 22 people, including 3 children, and injured at least 100 others.
=== August 2022 ===
According to the Kyiv School of Economics, the conflict has caused $113.5 billion in damages and destruction in Ukraine. Transportation infrastructure and housing is the main reason for these damages.
=== September 2022 ===
On 30 September 2022, Vladimir Putin announced the annexation of Ukraine's Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia regions in an address to both houses of the Russian parliament. Ukraine, the United States, the European Union and the United Nations all condemned the annexation.
=== October 2022 ===
On 8 October, the Crimean Bridge partially collapsed due to an explosion. Russia accused Ukraine of being behind the blast and launched retaliatory missile strikes against Ukrainian civilian areas.
=== November 2022 ===
On 9 November, Russian troops began to withdraw from Kherson, the only regional capital they captured since the start of the invasion. The city was recaptured by Ukrainian forces, two days later, on 11 November.
=== December 2022 ===
In early December, heavy fighting was still going on near Bakhmut and south of Bakhmut (Battle of Bakhmut).
=== January 2023 ===
The British government said on 14 January 2023 that Ukraine would get 14 Challenger 2 tanks. These tanks are the first Western battle tanks (or western, main battle tanks) given to Ukraine.
On 25 January 2023, the German government said that Germany will send Leopard 2 tanks to Ukraine; The government will also allow other countries to do the same. German authorities can say if countries have permission to send those tanks. Later that day, the United States government said that 31 Abrams tanks will be sent to Ukraine.
=== February 2023 ===
In February, Poland's prime minister said that Poland can give some F-16 fighter aircraft to Ukraine. That can happen if all the NATO member countries agree to that.
Later in February the Wall Street Journal reported that China was handing over technology that the Russian military needs for the war in Ukraine. Other reports said that "Chinese state-owned defense companies" are "shipping navigation equipment, jamming technology and fighter-jet parts" to Russia.
Later in February, authorities said that 8 Leopard 2 tanks would be going out of Norway (to Ukraine), "as soon as practically possible". Finland will send 3 of that kind of tanks. Poland delivered their first Leopard 2 battle tank, later in February.
=== March 2023 ===
8 battle tanks (Leopard 2) arrived from Norway.
=== April 2023 ===
The 2023 Pentagon document leaks became known in April. One part of the leak - a slide - says that more Russians than Ukrainians have died in the war. The size of the leak is c. 60 documents, or more than 100. Authorities from Ukraine, Russia and other countries have made comments about the leak.
=== May 2023 ===
Ukraine has "nine new brigades that [... as of May, are] being kept away from the front line. They will be joined by eight brigades of a recently-formed ‘Offensive Guard’ – highly-motivated volunteers chosen for [an upcoming] assault [against Russian soldiers]. Some 35,000 [...] were trained from two to four months", according to media.
=== June 2023 ===
The Kakhovka dam was damaged. Thousands of civilians were evacuated from areas that were either going to be flooded, or from areas that already were flooded. The lake behind the dam was drained out after a few days. The incident is sometimes called the Kakhovka dam failure.
Around the frontline settlement Novodonetske (map) in Donetsk oblast, Ukrainian marines were pushing back the Vostok Battalion, according to media (on 6 June).
A Russian general was killed in Zaporizhzhia oblast. He was the chief of staff of a Russian field Army. (Related page: field army)
Thousands of soldiers from the Russian private military company PMC Wagner, went across the Ukrainian-Russian border, and took control of two Russian cities. (Related page: Wagner Group rebellion)
On 27 June, the office of Belarus' leader published a video clip in which the Belarus' leader said that soldiers from PMC Wagner, can come and stay in military camps in Belarus. Authorities in Latvia and Lithuania asked NATO to add security before a "Wagner base" maybe will be created in Belarus. (Related page: military base)
==== Start of 2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive ====
The 2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive started no later than 8 June. It is a series of offensives (against Russian soldiers) on fronts in Donetsk Oblast, Zaporizhzhia oblast and [ Lukhansk oblast and] other places.
As of 8 June, much of the fighting (of the counteroffensive) is near the cities Orikhiv (map), Tokmak (in Tokmak ("municipality")), and Bakhmut (map) and other settlements.
=== July 2023 ===
The United States government said in July that it will export cluster bombs to Ukraine.
Ukrainian pilots will get training in F16 fighter-jets; The training is supposed to start next month.
General Oleg Tsokov was killed by a Storm Shadow missile in Berdiansk city (map). He was the deputy commander of the Southern Military District (Russia).
The 2023 Crimean Bridge explosion resulted in two deaths.
The major rail connection from Crimea to other parts of Ukraine where Russia has soldiers, was hit; The rail line was hit at the Chonhar railway bridge. The rail line is still broken (as of August).
=== August 2023 ===
As of 4 August, a Landing Ship, the Olenegorsky Gornyak has much damage. It was damaged by a drone boat, at the Novorossiysk naval base in Russia's Southern Federal District. The base is along (part of) the Black Sea; The drone carried 450 kilograms of TNT.
A Russian S-400 missile system in Olenivka on Crimea's Tarkhankut Peninsula, was hit and destroyed by Ukrainian missiles; Some Russian soldiers died.
Near Perevalne (map), Crimea, a military base under Russian control, was bombed by many combat drones; Some people died.
Four transport airplanes (Ilyushin-76) were damaged at an airport in Pskov oblast, Russia (map) during a Ukrainian drone attack.
Combat drones (from AFU) made of cardboard were used to destroy Russian aircraft at an airport in Kursk (map), Russia. Corvo drones were used.
Two more countries (Greece and Czechia) are going to train Ukrainian pilots in F-16 fighter-jets. The training program will be run by Denmark, Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Poland, Belgium, Luxembourg, Romania, Portugal, Sweden and Norway.
=== September 2023 ===
As of 3 September, parts of at least one Russian drone hit the ground in Romania (and near the village of Ceatalchioi (map) in Tulcea County). As of 9 September, parts of another Russian drone hit the ground in Romania.
In Sevastopol, Crimea, a Ropucha-class Landing Ship was destroyed and a Kilo-class submarine and a KC-701-class patrol boat were damaged. They were attacked by cruise missiles.
A Russian S-400 surface-to-air missile-system has been destroyed (as of 14 September) near Yevpatoria, Crimea after being hit by two Neptune cruise missiles.
Two Russian ships (Project 22160 patrol ship) were hit by Ukrainian naval drones; Because of significant damage, the ships had to return to port.
The rocket attack on Sevastopol Naval Base killed some Russian officers; An admiral was possibly one of the dead people. (Related pages, Sevastopol Naval Base, admiral)
=== October 2023 ===
Ukrainian soldiers have started using ATACMS rockets with warheads that have cluster munitions; The version of the rocket used in Ukraine, can go as far as 165 km; [Ukraine does not have (as of 2023) ] other versions which can go farther.
=== November 2023 ===
A Russian warship of the Karacurt-class was damaged.
A car carrying pro-Russian Chechen fighters was attacked and blown up by Ukrainian (resistance fighters or) partisans over the weekend (of 27 November), according to media; The ambush happened near Myrne (map), North of Melitopol (city).
=== December 2023 ===
On December 6, the United States Senate did not pass a law (or a bill), that would have sent [14] billions of dollars to Israel and [50] billions to Ukraine.
A Russian warship of the Ropucha-class (picture) was destroyed, in Feodosiya (map), Crimea; The wreck is alongside a pier and mostly under water.
On [December 27, U.S. time], the U.S. government made a decision to give $250 million in military aid.
=== January 2024 ===
A counter-battery radar (belonging to Russia) was destroyed: the 1К148 Yastreb-AV radar was destroyed; Two rockets were fired from [one or two] HIMARS rocket launcher.
Regarding F16 fighter jets: Denmark said that the delivery of those [is supposed to] happen in 2024's second quarter; The reason for the delay is that it takes time to train pilots and other people that are going to support the readiness of the 19 airplanes. Earlier (December 2023), media said that F-16 fighter jets are ready to be sent to Ukraine, and that the Dutch government is ready to give (the first) 18 of those airplanes.
=== February 2024 ===
Leaders of the European Union have said yes to giving 50 billion euros ($54 billion) to Ukraine; The aid is to support the Ukrainian economy; The first instalment of 4.5 billion euros ($4.9 billion) will arrive in March 2024.
Ukraine changed its commander-in-chief; Oleksandr Syrskyi became chief, replacing Valerii Zaluzhnyi.
Marines (of the AFU) will be trained by Norway's authorities.
In regard to when the first F-16 fighter jets, will come to Ukraine: The secretary-general of NATO said that "the decision [about when] to deliver F-16s to Ukraine would be left to each [... country, and they have their own rules or different] policies".
"Ukraine will join NATO. It is not a question of if, but [it is a question] of when", according to the secretary-general of NATO.
There are groups that are resisting the Russian soldiers; The resistance groups sometimes do surveillance, "reconnaissance missions [and], sabotage [...] in co-ordination with Ukraine’s" authorities; One of the groups is Atesh.
=== March 2024 ===
"America’s best robot spy plane, the Global Hawk spent … hours over the east Black Sea sometimes swinging" ... "close to 100 km from the Russian mainland and" Sochi.
The U.S. authorities [sent] "a new package of weapons worth $300 million to Ukraine, and it [included] a number of [... ATACMS], according to U.S. officials [...] . The package [... included] a number of the Anti-Personnel/Anti-Materiel, or APAM, an older version of the long-range ATACMS, which travels 100 miles and carries warheads containing hundreds of cluster bomblets", according to media.
Ukraine has an intention (or idea), that in the future, [any] conscript (or a specific kind of soldier) will be set free from military service after [that] conscript has been fighting for 18 months; That plan is a response to a protest (that had female relatives of conscripts) in early November. The plan has not become law (as of 2024).
"One of the first times in nearly nine months the AFU ... launched an entire brigade into combat", according to media; That brigade made it possible for another brigade to be pulled away from battle; Later, Avdiivka was abandoned by Ukrainian forces.
A Bumblebee military airplane, model A-50U was shot down; That kind is used for airborne early warning and control, by Russian forces.
The first shipment of funds from Europe was received.
=== April 2024 ===
The U.S. government said "yes" to (more financial aid, or) $61 billion in military aid to Ukraine.;
About loaning military aid to Ukraine: presidential candidate Donald Trump is (earlier in April) not against military aid being loaned to Ukraine (instead of the U.S. government sending military aid as a gift); Trump said that, while politician Mike Johnson was standing next to him.
The 67th Brigade of Ukraine was taken off the rolls; The brigade was
broken up, by the orders of Oleksander Syrsky ; Parts of the brigade had earlier (given up, or) "abandoned positions in the Chasiv Yar sector [of the frontline,] under heavy Russian pressure"; The brigade had mostly volunteers from one political group.
Ukrainian forces used c. 12 rockets (or missiles) to hit "air bases and air defense installations across Crimea peninsula" (April 30); Some (or all) of the rockets were possibly ATACMS. (See /ATACMS)
A Russian warship, a Buyan-M corvette (picture) was attacked, damaged and set on fire in the Kaliningrad region.
=== May 2024 ===
Lithuanian soldiers are ready to be sent to Ukraine, so that they can train Ukrainian soldiers, according to the president of Lithuania.
=== June 2024 ===
Explosions, or "major explosions", were reported in Crimea and Krasnodar Krai according to media (June 12).
The ships and boats of the (Russian) Black Sea Fleet, are mostly staying in the Sea of Azov; In other areas of the Black Sea, many Russian ships and boats have beeen damaged or sunk.
=== July 2024 ===
At least three Russian drones crossed into a member-country of Nato, Romania. NATO says that there is no sign that there was an intention to attack Romania, according to media. At least one drone, was a kamikaze drone.
About F-16 fighter airplanes flying into Ukraine's airspace: One F-16 was seen (flying inside of Ukraine) as early as the last day of July. That is the first time since the start of the invasion.
A "Mi-8 military helicopter of the Russian forces ... was downed near Russian-occupied Donetsk"; It was attacked by a drone (and crashed into the ground).
=== August 2024 ===
Earlier that month, Atesh guerrillas said that they found the place of "a Russian Buk-M2 anti-aircraft missile system in the Volnovakha district of the Donetsk [... oblast]"; Furthermore, it is supposed to be “for hunting F-16s”, according to media.
==== Start of offensive (or counter-offensive) into Russia ====
Ukrainian forces rolled some of their tanks and other military vehicles into Russia. The attack is called a counter-offensive, and the Kursk offensive (since 2024). Ukrainian soldiers went into Kursk Oblast (August 6). By August 9, there were around 10,000 or 12,000 Ukrainian soldiers in Kursk Oblast, according to an expert at CEIP. Earlier (August 8), Ukrainian soldiers were present in areas 35 kilometers from the Ukrainian border.
"A state of emergency [has been] declared [... in Kursk oblast] by" Russia's president.
Ukrainian media visited the town of Sudzha; The gas
metering station in Sudzha, is the only (way or) "route of Russian gas" to get "to Europe through Ukraine". Media showed pictures of Ukrainian soldiers removing the Russian flag from a building in the town of Sudzha; The flag was thrown on the ground.
Ukrainian forces have some soldiers in Belgorod Oblast (as of August 10).
"Ukraine [is creating, or] would create a “buffer zone” Kursk", according to media; Furthermore, “The creation of [... that] in the Kursk region is a step to protect [... Ukrainian ] border communities from daily shelling” by enemy forces, according to a member of Ukraine's cabinet.
=== September 2024 ===
Ukraine is [using drones or Ukraine is able] to strike places in Russia that are (up to) c. 1,800 km away from Ukraine.
=== October 2024 ===
Six Russian soldiers who deserted the front line, got a temporary visa to an EU country, according to media.
About the Victory Plan of Ukraine's government: Ukraine's president said that “We’ve also received very positive signals from the United States,”; Furthermore, “We are expecting a visit from a team from [the U.S. government or] Washington, so that we can work on the points of the Victory Plan at all operational levels”".
"In Berdiansk, a railway bridge used by Moscow’s troops" was destroyed, according to media.
=== November 2024 ===
Media said that "The United States [has plans, or] aims to send [... some] contractors to Ukraine to help [... doing maintainance] on ... warplanes and air defense systems [... , according to] a US defense official".
Denmark signed contracts to buy Ukrainian built weapons for the Ukrainian military; The contracts are for $629 million. The deal is supposed to (help or) boost weapons production in Ukraine.
South Korea's leader met with China's leader; Furthermore, "[... South Korea] calls on [China's leader] Xi Jinping [to stop or] to halt [ North Korea's] military co-operation with Putin". Several thousand North Korean soldiers have come to Kursk oblast after Ukrainian forces took some of the fight (against Russian forces), into Russia's Kursk oblast.
Ukraine got permission to use ATACMS rockets to hit Russian territory; The president of the U.S. gave the permission.
=== December 2024 ===
A new group of F-16 combat airplanes, have arrived in Ukraine, according to the president of Ukraine (early December 2024).
Russia's military is still fighting in Syria (while also fighting in Ukraine).
The former chief "of the Olenivka prison was killed when his car blew up; Furthermore, he had been accused of "the 2022 terrorist attack on Ukrainian prisoners of war", according to media.
=== January 2025 ===
Donald Trump became president of the United States (after being out of office, for 4 years). Pete Hegseth [later became] the chief of the U.S. department of defense.
Keith Kellogg [became] the U.S. government's special envoy for Ukraine and Russia.
=== February 2025 ===
"Ukraine [... got] its first [ Mirage 2000 or] upgraded Mirage 2000 fighter jets from France", according to media; Media did not say how many airplanes that Ukraine got from that first group (of those planes) that came to Ukraine..
=== March 2025 ===
Drones from HUR, [a Ukrainian agency], did strike a drone factory in Obukhovo, Kaluga oblast, Russia; There were explosions and a fire at that industrial (place or) site.
=== April 2025 ===
A mineral deal,
the Ukraine–United States Mineral Resources Agreement, was signed on April 30. (See Russian invasion of Ukraine§Ideas about peace)
In regard to the U.S. government sending military aid, $50 million: The [U.S. government or the] Trump administration said (April 30) to the U.S. Congress, that the government has an intention [or idea], of doing that; Direct commercial sales, is the kind of aid.
Ukraine got, earlier that month, an [ Argus radar airplane or] Saab 340 AEW&C. It is an Airborne early warning and control (picture) airplane.
=== May 2025 ===
Drones (from Ukraine's military) are "hitting missile production and energy facilities", according to media; Furthermore, such drones "have [ contributed to, or] killed mobile internet for dozens of Russian cities and towns"; Furthermore, in regard to "stranded [ air travelers, there are] tens of thousands of" those.
There "are no more restrictions on [... Ukraine] using Western long-range weaponry against targets inside Russia", according to Germany's chancellor; However, Germany has not given long-range weapons (as of May).
Earlier (May 24), 13 Ukrainians were killed by a Russian attack in Kyiv. Hours later, hundreds (possibly even thousands) of Prisoners of War were switched between Russia and Ukraine.
=== June 2025 ===
Russia shoots down 10 Ukrainian drones that were targetting Moscow. Ukraine has also been launching attacks on Russian drone factories.
A study finds that the death count from the invasion is nearing 1.4 million.
==== Front line and line-of-contact ====
There have been changes on the front line (or zero-line), every month.
Lyptsi (map), the line of control is near (as of 2024's second quarter)
Vovchansk (map), the line of control is near (as of 2024's second quarter). The city is in Chuhuiv raion.
The line of control goes into Russia (from the border), and thru parts of Kursk oblast:
Snagost (map), village, near the line of control (as of 2024's third quarter)
Korenevo
Obshchy Kolodez (map), near the line of control (as of 2024's third quarter); The village is in Korenevsky district.
Sudzha (map), town, near the line of control (as of 2024's third quarter)
The line of control goes into Russia (from the border), and thru parts of Belgorod oblast (as of 2025's second quarter).
Oskil (picture); The river is near the line of contact (as of 2025's first quarter).
Dvorichna (map); settlement to the West of the Oskil river. The line of contact is near (as of 2025's first quarter)
Kupiansk (map), Ukraine; [near the line of contact as of 2024's third quarter]; The city is controlled by Ukrainian soldiers. The city is in Kupiansk raion.
Synkivka (map), is near the line of control (as of 2024's second quarter)
Krokhmalne (map), under Russian control as of 2024's first quarter; The settlement is in Kupiansk Raion, Kharkiv Oblast.
Tabaivka (map), a frontline village (as of 2024's first quarter); It is in Kupiansk Raion.
Some of the Donetsk front is on the eastern front.
Bohdanivka, the village is on the frontline (as of 2024's first quarter). The settlement Khromove (map) in] Bakhmut Raion, is behind Russian lines (as of 2024's second); the line of contact [was] near (as of the last week of 2023)
Chasiv Yar (map), near the line of contact (as of 2024's third quarter)
Ivanivske (map), the line of contact is near (as of 2024's first quarter)
/Yahidne, controlled by Russia [as of 2024's first quarter]
Toretsk, near the line of contact (as of 2025's first quarter)
Horlivka; The line of contact is near (as of 2024's first quarter). The city is in Horlivka Raion.
Novokalynove (map) or Novokalynovo, controlled by Ukraine (as of 2024's first quarter); The village is in Pokrovsk raion
Ocheretyne (map), [near the line of contact, as of 2024's fourth quarter] and Berdyche (map) and Stepove (map), [near the line of contact, as of 2024's second quarter]; the villages are in Pokrovsk raion.
Avdiivka (map), the line of contact is near (as of 2023's last week)
Oputne (map), controlled by Russia (as of 2024's first quarter)
Umanske (map), the line of contact is near (as of 2024's second quarter)
/Tonenke, the line of contact is near (as of 2024's first quarter)
Pervomaiske (map), near the line of contact (as of 2024's first quarter)
Baranivka (map) and Novooleksandrivka ([1]), near the line of contact (as of 2024's third quarter)
Lozuvatske (map), near the line of contact (as of 2024's third quarter)
Ivanivka(map) and Prohres (map), and Sokil (map) and Voskhod, near the line of contact (as of 2024's third quarter)
Hrodivka and Vesele (map) and Vovche; They are near the line of contact (as of 2024's third quarter); The settlements are in Pokrovsk raion.
Pokrovsk, c. 8 km from the line of contact (as of 2024's third quarter) The Pokrovsk sector, is a name for part of the frontline.
Nevelske (map), controlled by Ukraine as of (2024's first quarter); It is in Pokrovsk Raion.
Donetsk City; Russia controls the city as of 2025.
Krasnohorivka (map); The line of contact is near (as of 2024's third quarter).
Marinka (map); As of 2023's last week, the line of contact runs (or goes) thru the outskirts of the city; The city is in Pokrovsk Raion. There are almost no Ukrainian soldiers left in the city (as of December 2023).
Heorhiivka (map), near the line of contact (as of 2024's second quarter)
Novomykhailivka (map), near the line of contact (as of 2023's fourth quarter); The village is in Pokrovsk Raion
Vuhledar, near the line of contact (as of 2024's fourth quarter).
Some of the Donetsk front is on the Southern front.
Novyi Komar, Volnovakha raion; near the line of contact (2024's fourth quarter)
Velyka Novosilka (map), the settlement is near the line of control (as of 2024's fourth quarter)
Urozhaine (map), controlled by Ukraine [as of 2024's first quarter]; It is in Velyka Novosilka ("municipality"), Volnovakha; The settlement is in the Berdiansk direction (of the counteroffensive).
Staromaiorske (map); The line of control is near [as of 2024's second quarter]
Zaporizhzhia front is part of the Southern front.
Novodarivka (map), near the line of contact (as of 2024's fourth quarter); The line is part of the Vremivka sector
Pryiutne (map),controlled by Russia [as of 2024's first quarter]; The village is in Polohy raion.
Chervone (map), near the line of control (as of 2024's third quarter)
Huliaipole, near the line of control (as of 2024's third quarter)
Charivne (map), near the line of control (as of 2024's third quarter). The line is part of the Orikhiv sector.
Mala Tokmachka (map), village, near the line of control (as of 2024's third quarter)
Novoprokopivka (map), controlled by Russia [as of 2024's first quarter]; The village is in Polohy raion.
Levadne (map), near the line of contact (as of 2024's third quarter)
Verbove (map), controlled by Russia [as of 2024's first quarter]; The settlement is in Polohy ("municipality"), Polohy, Zaporizhzhia.
Robotyne (map), [the line of contact is near] (as of 2024's first quarter); The settlement is in Tokmak ("municipality"), Polohy; The settlement is in the Melitopol direction (of the counteroffensive).
Piatykhatky (map), controlled by Ukraine [as of 2024's first quarter]; The settlement is in Stepnohirsk ("municipality"), Vasylivka
Lobkove (map), controlled by Ukraine [as of 2024's first quarter]; The settlement is in the Melitopol direction (of the counteroffensive).
Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant; It is shut down and, on the frontline, (as of 2024's first quarter).
In Kherson Oblast, there is a line of contact in
the Krynky sector (map) has at least one Ukrainian [ outpost or] bridgehead (outside or in the village, as of 2024's first quarter). It is in Oleshky ("municipality"), Kherson raion.
Dachi (map), controlled by Ukraine [as of 2024's first quarter]; The settlement is in Kherson ("municipality"), Kherson raion
"The defensive lines" of the Russian forces have mines that can stop soldiers and mines that can stop vehicles; The lines also have "trenches [...], razor wire, earthen berms and dragon's teeth" for obstructing (or getting in the way of) infantry and battle tanks and armored personnel carriers and infantry fighting vehicles. Those defensive lines "are over 24 km deep in some" places (as of July 2023).
Mines have been put on top of mines, and that destroys (or breaks) equipment for mine clearing.
Highway M14 is the main line of supply for Russian soldiers in Crimea; The highway goes in a western direction from Melitopol; The highway is not within range, of the places from which Ukraine is using HIMARS [and M270] vehicles to launch [GMLRS] rockets (as of 2023's third quarter).
===== Ukrainian counteroffensive =====
In Belgorod oblast (Russia), Ukrainian soldiers are continuing a counter-offensive (as of 2025's second quarter).
[As of 2025's second quarter], Ukraine is continuing its counter-offensive in Kursk oblast, Russia.
Russia took control of some villages in eastern Ukraine [as late as 2025's second quarter]. Ukraine took back a village (that it lost in early 2025).
Earlier (and as of August 2024), the frontline was no longer frozen, according to media. Earlier (and during the last week of 2023), the counter-offensive in eastern Ukraine, [had] (lost its momentum, or slowed down a lot, or) "stalled [... and there was a] "little-changed line of control", according to analysis on BBC's website. Large military gains seemed to have stopped some time earlier.
Ukrainian soldiers are attacking in the Melitopol direction from western Zaporizhia oblast, and they are also attacking "in the Berdyansk" direction, from eastern Zaporizhia oblast and western Donetsk oblast.
Settlements that have been liberated (during the 2023 counteroffensive), or those where occupation forces have left:
Stroivka (map)
Topoli (map)
Novoiehorivka (map), Kolomyichykha (hromada, similar to municipality), Svatove, Lukhansk; In 2023, Ukraine lost control of the village, but later took back control.
Zaliznianske (map), Soledar ("municipality"), Bakhmut, Donetsk
Klishchiivka (map), Bakhmut ("municipality"),
Andriivka (map), Bakhmut ("municipality")
Urozhaine and Staromaiorske and Makarivka (map) and Blahodatne (map) and Storozheve (map) and Neskuchne (map)
Rivnopil (map)
Novodarivka (map), Malynivka ("municipality"), Polohy; The settlement is in the Berdiansk direction (of the counteroffensive).
Levadne
Robotyne
Piatykhatky and Lobkove and Dachi
== Supplying weapons and other military equipment ==
The United States and European countries are taking supplies to an airport near the Ukrainian border - but on the outside of Ukraine; Things that are being supplied are anti-tank rockets, Stinger rockets (can be used against aircraft, and can be fired while resting on the shoulder of a soldier), [ battle tanks and other] armoured vehicles; automatic weapons, ammunition, MREs (food for soldiers, and the food does not need [more] cooking before eating), and fuel.
Another Ramstein meeting started in February 2025. An earlier meeting was the 25th meeting of the Ukraine Defense Contact Group, also known as the Ramstein group. The meetings are for co-ordinating sending more military equipment to Ukraine. Earlier (September 2024), the host of the meeting was the chief of defense (United States). The alliance has 54 countries, as of 2023; The group is led by the UK (as of 2025). There has been a meeting, about every month.
In regard to M86 Pursuit Deterrent Munition: U.S. authorities have said "yes" to Ukraine's forces to get those landmines.
In regard to Tomahawk rockets: Ukraine has asked (2024) for some (of those) rockets that can go 2,400 kilometers (1,500 miles)..
Joint Standoff Weapon or JSOW, is a kind of glide bomb that Ukraine is going to receive, according to U.S. authorities (September 2024).
"India has continued [as of September 2024] to allow the supply of Indian-made artillery shells to Ukraine", according to media. Furthermore, "European buyers have been transferring these shells to Ukraine for over a year".
"The leaders of the US and UK met in Washington (earlier in September 2024), [... to make] a decision to allow Ukraine to use Storm Shadow (picture) long-range missiles on Russian territory"; The decision is [delayed or] postponed (as of the first half of September).
Production of 155 mm artillery shells, has started in Ukraine, according to Oleksandr Kamyshin (an advisor to the president of Ukraine)].
Earlier in 2024, "Leaked Russian state documents [... say that Russia] secretly [... got] sensitive [things or] goods from India to support its war in Ukraine", according to media; Sanction that have been put in place by Western nations, were bypassed.
In November 2023, the US government told about a (new) $100 million military aid package to Ukraine that is supposed to include: a new HIMARS launcher that media says is able to launch GLSDB (or Ground Launched Small Diameter Bomb) missiles; The aid package will also have Stinger missiles and TOW missiles and 105 mm and 155mm shells.
Finland's government is going to double [multiply by 2] the production of "155mm artillery shells as well as 81mm and 120mm mortar" shells; Because of that, the government will invest " over $ 130 million over the next three to four years".
Regarding building barrels for howitzer [a kind of cannon]; British authorities have made an agreement (2024) that [ a British factory] will start making those parts again; Earlier, Britain had stopped making those important parts for howitzers.
Norwegian companies now can sell weapons and defense equipment, directly to Ukrainian authorities; The government of Norway said that on the first day of 2024.
Norway said (2024's first quarter) that it will pay 1.6 billion kroner, or $153 million (to or) towards the Czech initiative to purchase artillery ammunition for Ukraine. Earlier (in 2024) Norway decided to send two F-16 fighter jets to Denmark to help train Ukrainian pilots.
pbv 302 (picture), Infantry fighting vehicle (related page, Combat vehicle, will be (coming from, or) delivered from Sweden; About 80 or 100 of those are expected to come, according to media in 2024's second quarter.
Six CB90 fast assault boats (picture) will be [delivered or] transfered to Ukraine, according to media in 2024.
British authorities want (as of October 2024) to choose a company to make a new weapon, "One Way Effector Heavy (OWEH)"; It has to be able to go "500 kilometers [... and be] ground launched,[... and have] a flight speed of [... c.] 600 kph; The payload should be "200 to 300-kilogram ... based on the ... Mk82 aerial bomb"; It can be a "missile, drone, or another technology"; Each weapon is supposed to cost no more than £400,000, and that does not include "the payload, fuses [... and a place for] testing"; 20 weapons have to be produced every month, by the end of 2025.
As of 2025, the United States has [ invested] or "committed over $174 billion [for Ukraine's warfare or] to the nation at war"; Furthermore, "some [of that money is] invested in the ... arms industry [in the United States] to help supply [Ukraine's military or] Kyiv’s defense needs"; Furthermore, [the use of the money was followed, or] "the money is accounted for via US audits", according to a U.S. authority.
Norway
A transport plane flew (3 March 2022) out of Norway with M72 anti-tank weapons - 2,000 of those rocket launchers; Each weigh either 2 kg or 3 kg.
Shells for howitzers: 10,000 were sent by 4 January 2023; The shells are 155mm wide.
== Worldwide reactions ==
In regard to fundraising for atom bomb, to be controlled by Ukrainian authorities: Fundraising for the purchase of that, started immediately after a meeting ended (February 28, 2025) between Ukraine's president and the U.S. president.
15 leaders from the Western countries were in a group picture at Independence square, Kyiv (February 24); They showed their support for Ukraine's 3 years of fighting the Russian invasion.
In September 2024, "IMF [... delayed or postponed a] planned consultation [visit or] mission to Russia indefinitely", according to media; Furthermore, "nine European countries protested against the IMF’s plans to resume missions to Russia".
Earlier that month, "The Crimean Platform summit, which [... is supposed to talk about] the ongoing situation in Crimea, [was] taking place in Kyiv. Leaders from" some countries were there, including Lithuania's president, Latvia's prime minister and the president of the senate of Czechia.
Earlier (in 2024), the "Ukrainian President ... said [that the government] will not renew a gas transit contract [...] that allows Russia to pump gas [... thru Ukraine] to Europe", according to media; Furthermore, the contract ends on the last day of 2024.
The president of Russia gets criticism from other Russians; In 2024, "militia leader, Georgy Zakrevsky, said that the Russian army should" (remove Putin from power, or) overthrow him.
Since 2024, the "Russian propaganda network that has cultivated Americans like Tucker Carlson and Scott Ritter is ... officially considered a Kremlin intelligence apparatus" [or group of people], according to media.
Earlier (and in 2022), U.S. President Joe Biden said there would be sanctions on banks VEB.RF and Promsvyazbank.
On 24 February 2022, the Prime Minister of Australia Scott Morrison said there would be travel bans. There would also be financial sanctions against eight members of Russia's national security council.
The United Kingdom, United Nations, France, Germany, Spain, Japan, Sweden, Turkey, Norway, Canada, and Italy have also disagreed with the invasion.
On 24 February 2022, President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen said the group has allowed "massive" actions that would target technological transfers, Russian banks and Russian assets. That same day, President Putin said Western countries that take part in the actions "will face consequences".
On 26 February, the European Union, the United States and their allies say that they support in removing Russian banks from the SWIFT payment system. The next day, many European nations announced a ban on Russian flights in their airspace.
On 28 February, Switzerland, Monaco, Singapore, and South Korea put in place economic sanctions on Russia such as controlling exports and assets. These countries were once seen as neutral during global conflicts.
Tugan Sokhiev, the musical director and conductor of the Bolshoi Theatre [quit his job, or] did resign because he [wanted to stay neutral] or not take side in the conflict.
On 2 May, Russia announced it may be pulling out of the International Space Station in two years, because of the economic sanctions imposed on the nation because of the invasion.
In response to the invasion, on 15 May 2022, President of Finland Sauli Niinistö said that Finland will apply for membership in NATO. The following day, Sweden said that it would do the same.
Chinese authorities are stopping "Russian Boeing and Airbus aircraft, which foreign leasing companies own, from flying through or landing in its airspace"; That policy started in May 2022.
C. 60 military recruitment offices in Russia, have been attacked (as of January 2023); Some of those were set on fire; Some of the fires were a result of use of Molotov cocktails.
Finland became a member of NATO in April 2023.
A Finnish newspaper (Helsingin Sanomat) made a virtual room in the game Counter-Strike. That room has news articles about the war, in English and Russian. The room was made to avoid censorship of news media, in Russia.
The president of the United States said yes to a plan, for training Ukrainian pilots to fly F-16 fighter jets.
The making "of a new Ukraine–NATO Council", was announced at the summit meeting for member-countries of NATO (or 2023 Vilnius summit).
The Ukraine–NATO Council [did] meet on in July 2023, to discuss the situation in Ukraine. The council has [close] contact with Ukrainian authorities and NATO.
Russian authorities no longer get invited to the annual ceremony for liberation of the Norwegian county Finnmark; Ukrainian soldiers and other Soviet soldiers liberated Finnmark in October 1944; The president of Ukraine or his representative has been invited for the ceremony in 2024.
French authorities are not saying "no" to sending French soldiers to fight in Ukraine, in the future; On the other hand, NATO's secretary-general said (in 2024) that NATO-soldiers will not get sent to Ukraine.
Sweden became a member of NATO (March 2024).
American actor Mark Hamill has taken actions to support (the AFU or) Ukraine; He has headed fundraising for buying drones for Ukraine; He has also let Ukraine authorities use the voice of Luke Skywalker in some messages from the authorities.
NATO is involved in having weapons sent to Ukraine, and contributing about (more) training Ukrainian soldiers; The NATO Mission to Ukraine is a name used about that, but the name is not formal (as of 2024's second quarter).
NATO has [... done stuff, to make better its] its “forward presence”" [against armed forces that are perceived as unfriendly], according to media; Furthermore, that is "Following Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine"; Furthermore, NATO has put battlegroups or "multinational battlegroups in Bulgaria, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania and Slovakia"; Furthermore, the battlegroups are supported by warships "and combat aircraft along NATO’s eastern flank, from the Baltic Sea ... to the Black Sea".
[Some or many] Ukrainian sportspeople no longer shake hands with sportspeople that compete for national teams from Russia and from Belarus, according to media. Well-known cases, includes the case (in 2023) of Orla Kharlan (she won an Olympic gold medal in 2024).
The winner of the 2024 Olympic gold medal in high jump, said that this medal is for Ukrainian defenders of our country; Furthermore, thanks to defenders, she can be [at the Olympic games] and carry the Ukrainian flag. She also said, according to media, that her medal is for "the nearly 500 athletes and coaches who have been killed since Russia invaded her country in 2022".
Six Finnish childred were guests at a summer camp in Crimea. They, and a group traveling from Sweden, were guests of the occupation government.
A Danish lawmaker said (2024) that Denmark has given more than twice as much (to Ukraine), as Norway has given; Furthermore, Denmark has a gross domestic product that is 33% less than Norway's; Furthermore, the lawmaker says that Denmark will gladly give more, but that does not help a lot, as long as Denmark's neighboring countries do not (give or) contribute (more, or) in a similar way.
=== Reactions in literature, press photography, festivals and art ===
At Expo 2025, in Japan, Ukraine has a (place to show stuff, or a) pavillion; The name of the pavillion is The Not for Sale Store; There "Visitors to the exhibit [can] scan barcodes and watch stories about life in Ukraine during the Russian invasion", according to media.
2000 Meters to Andriivka (documentary film) has Mstyslav Chernov as its director.
The Grand Press Photo competition has been won several times, by photographers that took pictures of (parts of) the invasion.
In 2024, a "controversial [... movie] by a director who had worked with Russia’s RT [ television channel] was scheduled to be [shown or] screened at the [movie] festival in Toronto, but after a wave of protests, the organizers [did not show the movie, or] suspended the screening", according to media; The documentary movie is “Russians at War”.
Earlier in 2024, the movie Treasure by Stephen Fry, (came out, or) was released on a free video sharing social media website.
The [picture book or] photo book Saints, by Sasha Maslov (Ukrainian-American), came out in 2024.
Earlier (2023), a book by Sofi Oksanen, a Finnish-Estonian author, came out (or was published), In the same stream: Putin's war against women.
There is a "cultural front" that earns money outside Ukraine; Artists in "the front" earn money thru cultural activities, and then they give some of the money to Ukraine's fight against Russian forces.
=== Sanctions ===
The EU has put sanctions on Putin and the Russian foreign minister, as of 3 March 2022.
AIIB, or Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, is stopping loans to Russia and Belarus, media said on 4 March 2022.
EU countries have closed their airspace for Russian aircraft; On 6 June 2022 Montenegro and North Macedonia closed their airspace for the plane that was supposed to fly - Russia's foreign minister - to Serbia.
Russian cargo trucks do not have permission to drive into the European Union; However, it is okay to have a tractor unit that does not have Russian license plate, pull Russian semi-trailers into and within the EU.
Cars that have Russian license plates, do not have permission (as of 2023's fourth quarter) to drive into Poland, Finland, Norway, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania.
The International Criminal Court ICC has issued an arrest warrant for Vladimir Putin and Maria Lvova-Belova because of Ukrainian children being (moved or) relocated against their will - by Russian authorities.
A company from Finland, sold (as late as 2023) some equipment to measure weather, to a company in Taiwan; The equipment went by land (instead of by airplane); Media said (2024) that the equipment seems to have arrived in Russia without getting to Taiwan; Sanctions against Russia seems to have been broken, in that case.
As of 2024, there are sanctions that are supposed to stop Russia from selling gold to Western countries; However, Russia is selling gold to some countries in Africa, and that gold is sometimes being sold (to Western countries), as gold-from-Africa.
As of 2024's first quarter, the chief executive officer of Nornickel Group, is on the sanctions list of the United States, Great Britain and Canada, but not the EU.
Norway [is stopping] Russian citizens from crossing the Russian-Norwegian border; That rule [started] on May 29, 2024.
The production of Russia's "Su-57 fighter jets" has maybe stopped (as of October 2024) because of "trade sanctions [... that have been set in place] by the United States and its allies".
=== Other protests ===
Pro-Ukrainian protests have happened in front of many Ukrainian and Russian embassies. There have been many protests in Armenia, Australia, Bulgaria, Belgium, Canada, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Japan, Kazakhstan, Moldova, the Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Sweden, Taiwan, Turkey, the UK, and the US. In the Czech Republic, some 3,000 people protested in the Wenceslas Square in Prague.
On 14 March 2022, a woman held a sign with an anti-war message on the set of a news program on Channel One Russia during prime time; The sign said: "NO WAR. Stop the war. Do not believe propaganda they tell you lies here"; The sign also said, "Russians against war". Marina Ovsyannikova was arrested by police. She got a fine the next day and was then free to go from jail. The Russian court system sentenced her (in 2023's fourth quarter). She is supposed to be in a penal colony for 8 and a half years. However, she already escaped (from) Russia, in 2022.
=== Businesses ===
On 3 March 2022, Lukoil's board of directors said that it supported a stop (right now) to the armed conflict. On 8 March, some famous brands including McDonald's, Coca-Cola and Starbucks stopped sales in Russia, in response to its attacks on Ukraine.
The production of Lada cars stopped - and was in suspension, media said in March 2022.
On 16 May 2022, McDonald's said that it will permanently shut down its fast-food operations in Russia due to the "humanitarian crisis" and "unpredictable operating environment" caused by the invasion.
Since June 2023, Scandinavian Airlines has stopped selling products from Mondelez on its flights; That company owns Toblerone and the brands Freia and Daim. The airline has airport lounges; Products from PepsiCo are no longer served there [as of 2023's fourth quarter].
The NACP (or National Agency on Corruption Prevention) put Nestle on its list of international sponsors of the war in Ukraine because Nestle still (is doing business or) operating in Russia.
In regard to shipping companies (for passengers and cargo) in the Baltic Sea, boycotting Marabou products from Mondelez: Viking Line and
Tallink Silja stopped ordering product in 2023, but did not stop selling; However, Tallink stopped the boycot in 2024's second quarter; Viking Line has still stopped selling Marabou products.
=== Adding soldiers to the Ukrainian forces ===
From Russia, there are "Volunteers from Bashkortostan, the “Bashkort unit"; In 2024, volunteer soldiers took prisoners among Russian forces; Those volunteers also captured an infantry fighting vehicle.
About foreign soldiers maybe getting Ukrainian citizenship if they fight for the International Legion: Yevhen Yenin (First Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs) has said that the laws of Ukraine allow (or give permission) for that; The press agency Ukrinform said that [in March] 2022.
In March 2022, the Ukrainian Armed Forces published the first picture of International Legion soldiers; The picture showed some of those soldiers in a trench on the outskirts of Kyiv.
As of the same month, foreigners are given military training at Yavoriv military base.
The Sibir Battalion has around 60 soldiers, according to estimates (from 2023's fourth quarter); The soldiers are Russians that are fighting against Russia's armed forces.
Finland is one of the countries from which around 100 people have been fighting in Ukraine; Most of those people are back in Finland, according to estimates by broadcaster YLE.
=== Adding soldiers to the Russian forces ===
An article on website YLE.fi (in 2023) wrote that an activist from Sakha Republic, Russia, is saying that Russia is using minorities as soldiers- in a way that is a form of ethnic cleansing; Furthermore, the activist said that Russian authorities have picked up - by helicopter - indigenous people that are in the wilderness while they are herding reindeer; Thereafter indigenous people have been forced into military service.
Vacio, a rapper, has been called in to military service [in 2024, two weeks] after going to a party called the Almost Naked Party. Authorities say that it was wrong to have the party while people are dying in [the war or] special military operation in Ukraine.
In 2024, India's prime minister asked [Russia] for "the urgent return of Indian [... people] who had been recruited to fight for the Russian army in Ukraine", according to media; Furthermore, those Indian people, said that "they had been misled [or deceived] during recruitment".
=== Rebuilding infrastructure ===
The Ukraine Recovery Conference was held (again) in 2024; The meeting was held in Germany; People who came, included officials from Ukraine and other countries (related page, Recovery).
Earlier, 10 bridges [were] being sent (and paid for) by Norway's authorities, media said in December 2022.
=== Financial aid and countries gaining financially ===
Many countries have given financial aid to Ukraine's government.
At least one country has (as of April 28, 2024) had a (bigger or) increased income as a direct result of [Russian authorities using its natural gas supplies to finance the war, or] "Putin's natural gas war"; That (extra) income was more than 1500 billion Norwegian kroner, and 2% of that was given to Ukraine. Two days later, 6 billion Norwegian kroner were added by Norwegian authorites; That was on top of the 15 billion that those authorities already have given in 2024, in regard to military aid.
Earlier (and as of 2023), at least one country has (earned or) profited Norwegian kroner 334 billion, from the war, according to a thesis, for two masters degrees) in Europe. In 2024, Naomi Klein said that Norway's increasing wealth or "record profit, is [in part] a result of the war in Ukraine".
Earlier (February 2023), Norway's prime minister said that Norway will give Norwegian kroner 15 billion, for one year's (financial aid or) "assistance package": half of the money will be spent on things related to the military; The other half will be spent on (civilians or) the civil sector. After the first year, Norway will give (over a four-year period), 60 billion Norwegian kroner.
=== Visits by the leaders of countries and the most powerful international organisations ===
Ukraine's president went (September 2024) to the United States; He had meetings with both candidates for the 2024 presidential election; He also met the U.S. president, and had meetings "with U.S. lawmakers [at or] on Capitol Hill".
Earlier, Ukraine's president went to the United States, and had meetings with U.S. politicians.
==== Visits to Ukraine ====
Leaders of other countries have visited the leadership of Ukraine. After the start of the 2022 invasion, the British prime minister was the first leader (of a country), to visit (April 9, 2022).
Germany's leader visited again, in late 2024.
Earlier (2022), French president came, and British prime minister (visited in August 2022 and earlier that year). the German leader, and Norway's prime minister came. In 2023, the United States' president, came. In 2024, Finland's new president came.
The secretary-general of NATO came again (as late as 2024's second quarter).
The president of the European Council visited in 2023.
In 2024, India's prime minister came. The new secretary-general of NATO came to Ukraine; He had only been in office for two days (when he came in October).
=== Reactions in Ukraine ===
The national teams of Ukraine, are not allowed to compete (in sports) against teams from Russia and Belarus; The laws of Ukraine are saying that (as of 2023).
Some influencers have become internet celebrities because of the war. One of them is a soldier that operates drones. He makes a cooking program on a social media website.
If a Ukrainian man has three [or more] children, then he has (2025) no obligation to become a soldier.
== War crimes ==
30 Ukrainian POWs have been executed (by members of the Russian military) over some months, according to a United Nations report (published in March 2024).
Earlier (2022), media said that the International Criminal Court has started an investigation into crimes against humanity in Ukraine since 2013, as well as war crimes in the 2022 invasion.
The Ukrainian court system has held trials regarding war crimes:
The first war crimes trial was held in May 2022, regarding a Russian soldier who was ordered [or told] to shoot a civilian; He said that he is guilty; His punishment is a lifetime prison sentence; His case is under appeal (as of 2022's second quarter).
Two Russian soldiers were found guilty of having fired rockets at 2 towns; 11 years and 6 months in prison, is the punishment.
A group of Ukrainian journalists, Bihus.info, got (in 2024) a prize, partly for having uncovered war crimes by the Russian military; That Norwegian prize is Fritt Ord Award for freedom of the press.
=== A Russian on trial (in an EU country) ===
An EU country started (2024) a trial against a Russian citizen; He (idea or) intention, is that he will appeal the guilty verdict (2025). He is charged with 5 war crimes (as of 2024's fourth quarter). Police in an EU country suspects a Russian citizen of committing war crimes in Ukraine in 2014. Earlier (and as of December 2023), that Russian is under arrest in an EU-country. Earlier (in 2023's fourth quarter), police started a preliminary investigation against Voislav Torden, who is suspected of having done terrorism in Ukraine, and he is therefore suspected of having done at least one crime.
Earlier (December 2023), he was released from police custody and immediately he was put into the custody of border guards. Earlier his name was Yan Petrovsky. (In 2022, the Rusich Group and its commanders Milchakov and Yan Petrovsky were included in the US sanctions list for their "special cruelty" in the battles in the Kharkiv oblast.) A decision (in early December 2023) from Finland's supreme court, says that Torden will not be (handed over or) extradited to Ukrainian authorities.
== Weapons ==
Ukraine is using
Brimstone; Those rockets (or missiles) are used against targets on the ground. It can be launched from the ground or by aircraft.
Ground Launched Small Diameter Bomb (or GLSDB), a kind of weapon that has a range of 151 km (94 miles); The weapon's warhead is on the glide bomb (the SDB or Small Diameter Bomb). The SDB is in use (since 2024's first quarter). SDB [bombs] are likely one of the weapons of the F-16 fighter airplanes that Ukraine got (inside its borders), by the last day of July 2024.
ATACMS rocket, or Army Tactical Missile System; [At least] one type of long-range ATACMS is in use (as of 2024's second quarter); Those rockets can go either 270 km or 300 km (170 miles or 190). Another kind can go 165 km, and its warhead can have 500 kg of explosives. Some of the rockets have cluster bombs: M74 bomblets. The rockets use either of the (following) two kinds of rocket launchers: HIMARS or the M270. The estimated prices of ATACMS: The price of the M39 is $1,476,000 (as of fiscal year 2022). The price of the M57 is about $1,700,000 (fiscal year 2021).
GMLRS rockets (picture); Those rockets in Ukraine have a range of at least 84 km (52 mi), 227mm is the diameter of the rockets
HIMARS is an often-used name for a kind of rocket launcher: M142 HIMARS. It can carry one ATACMS rocket (or six GMLRS rockets), at a time. The launcher is sometimes called MLRS.
M270, a multiple rocket launcher; It can carry two ATACMS rocket (or 12 GMLRS rockets), at a time. The launcher is sometimes called MLRS.
M777 howitzers (picture; a kind of cannon); It uses 155mm shells.
M109 howitzer and shells with a range of 30 km.
Bohdana, howitzer
Hawkeye (howitzer), 105mm shells, in use since 2024's second quarter
Phoenix Ghost, a kind of drone that can blow up (or explosive drone) or loitering weapon; It can fly for up to 6 hours
Scythe, drone
NLAW (picture), shoulder-fired missile (or rocket); Battle tanks are one kind of target for those weapons.
Javelin anti-tank missile system
AMRAAM rockets (for NASAMS II); Ukraine has NASAMS air defense system.
IRIS-T, surface-to-air missile; It can go up to 20,000 m (66,000 ft) above sea level. It can travel 25 km (16 mi) (but not higher than 20 km).
ADM-160, a kind of decoy missile (or a kind of Military dummy); (picture)
Hellfire (rockets or) surface-to-surface missiles; each of those missiles (in Ukraine) is fired from a tripod that is put on the ground; weight of the missile: 45kg.
CAESAR (cannon or) howitzer
Milan anti-tank (rocket or) missile.
Tryzub, a "laser system [... that] can down aircraft at altitudes" more than 2 kilometers
ALQ-213(V), electronic warfare system; "It is almost certain that the [... system has been] installed" in some F-16 fighter jets (as of August 2024).
=== Surface-to-air rockets ===
=== Drones, sea drones and ground drones ===
"Jamming systems used [against drones] at [the front line or] the zero-line [use or] covered frequencies from 350 MHz to 950 MHz, but an attack drone [... was found by soldiers, that was using or] operating on 150 MHZ, something they had not seen before", according to media in 2025.
UX 11 Colibri; Some kamikaze drones have been shipped to Ukraine, by France; They are expected to arrive "a few days" after the beginning of November 2024.
As of 2024's third quarter, Ukraine is making (its own) "flight controllers and motor speed regulators" for drones, but the "engines and control units are still Chinese"; Production is going on in the Ukrainian city of Lviv.
Warheads "from the [...] Javelin anti-tank system [... have sometimes been used] in first-person view (FPV) attack drones", according to media (in 2024).
Lord (drone) is still [being constructed or] under development (as of 2024's fourth quarter); The range of those drones is supposed to be 2000 km.
In regard to some drones, that are missiles; "Long-range one-way-attack drones are essentially a type of [missile or] missile projectile", according to [at least] one expert (in 2024).
Mothership drones are in use.
=== No longer used by Ukrainian forces ===
No longer supplied to Ukrainian forces,
Excalibur (Picture) 155 mm artillery shells (picture); This kind of ammunition for artillery, has a "range of up to 40 kilometers" (related page, shell (projectile)). Its projectile can be steered after being fired. In 2024, there was an end to (turning over to, or) giving this kind of shell to Ukrainian forces.
=== Used by Russian forces ===
Russia is using
Gerbera (drone), known to have been used as early as 2024's third quarter.
Parodiya (drone), used as a decoy; The main "mission [of these airplanes] is to spoof more expensive strike drones [... used by Ukraine, according to] military analysts"; Parodiya drones have a Luneburg sphere (picture).
TOS-1 (ТОС-1), a multiple rocket launcher that can also use rockets with thermobaric warheads; Those warheads kill through "pressure wave, and more importantly, the subsequent [ decompression of air - sometimes called a vacuum ...], which ruptures the lungs. ... If the fuel [burns or] deflagrates but does not [... explode], victims will be severely burned and will probably also [... breathe] the burning fuel".
Geran-2 and Shahed-136, a family of drones that can blow up (or explosive drone; see explosive)
T-90 tanks, T-90M and T-90S (which is the kind which Russia sells to other countries, or export version)
Lancet, a family of drones; Lancet 3 has a range of 50 km.
R-77, air-to-air missile; also R-37
MT-LBV, a kind of armoured personnel carrier, which is a kind of combat vehicle; Picture
Kinzhal ('dagger'), missile; This kind has been used 3 times in 2022; and six times in 2023's first quarter However, The Financial Times said that "about 15" had been fired at Ukraine, until the rocket attacks on 9 March.
R-330Zh Zhitel, signal jamming equipment for electronic warfare; Picture
K-300P Bastion-P (NATO reporting name SS-C-5 Stooge), a mobile coastal defence missile system.
Borisoglebsk-2, electronic warfare (EW) system; It is [fastened to - or] mounted on a MT-LBu (ground) vehicle.
Murom-M, airspace surveillance system; It can do thermal imaging.
Kasta-2E2, a radar from the Kasta 2E family of radars (picture); It is used for early warning.
S-500 Prometheus Surface-to-air rockets system; Parts of the system are on Crimea (as of 2024's second quarter); The system has 77P6 launch vehicle, 55K6MA and 85Zh6-2 command posts, the 91N6A(M) radar for "acquisition and battle management", the 96L6-TsP [radar for] ([ target acquisition or) "acquisition", the 76T6 radar for multimode and 77T6 radars [for ABM engagement]; These things are fastened to BAZ trucks or trailers.
"2S6 “Tunguska”
Hyacinth-S 152-mm self-propelled gun 2S5
KAB-500S-E, a guided bomb; It uses satellite navigation. The bomb can be dropped from as high as 5,000 m (16,000 ft); While it is falling, it can end up (operational range), 40 km away or less. It does not have a propulsion system. Sometimes it is called a glide bomb. It is part of the KAB-500 family of bombs.
Qaem-5 (picture), a guided bomb
so-called barn tanks (related page, barn) are also known as [turtle tank or] turtle or blyat-mobile
T-80, tank or main battle tank; It is "less widely use in the Russian army than the T-72" (as of 2024); There were only 360 in the Russian army (as of 2000). The "secret Russian Volnorez (Breakwater) counter-drone electronic warfare (EW) system" has been found on [at least one] T-80, according to media; That system was installed on the tank.
Pantsir rocket (picture), also called "Greyhound", by NATO; surface to air missile; It costs c. 13 million U.S. dollars [internationally]. The S-1 model is [one of the models] in use.
Granit-M or R-419GM (picture), a radio-relay station; It costs 25 million U.S. dollars.
Msta-S, howitzer; It has its own propulsion.
Buk-M1-2; "The latest version [...] is estimated to cost around $100 million" (as of 2024), according to media.
Sapphire (electronic warfare system), in use since 2023 (at least)
Buk-M3
Buk-M2
ZFB-05, armored personnel carrier
Tor missile system; The Gauntlet air defense system is a part of it.
Kh-59MK, cruise missile
PARS-S Stepashka, anti-drone rifle (or gun); Ukrainian authorities has taken apart, one of those weapons (as of 2024).
BMD-4, infantry fighting vehicle that can cross deep water; picture
Zoopark (picture), radar system
Oreshnik (missile)
Russia has
"9C19 Ginger, this Soviet-era self-propelled sector survey radar station is [a part of, or] an integral component of the S-300V"
TOS-2, a thermobaric weapon (also called aerosol bomb, a vacuum bomb or a fuel air explosive (FAE))
Izdeliye-55, or 'Product 55 (drone)
=== Used by both sides ===
fiber-optic drones; Those have a fiber-optic line that rolls out of a spool, as the drone moves away from where it was launched.
Cluster bombs
2S7 Pion, cannon with its own propulsion system; The cannon uses 203 mm shells.
AZP S-60 (picture), anti-aircraft gun; Ammunition can be found so that the gun can be used for [attacks on armored vehicles] "anti-armor or [attacks on groups of soldiers or] anti-personnel roles".
UR-77 Meteorit, mine clearing vehicle; It has also been used to clear a way - 6 metres wide and up to 90 meters long, for Russian forces to get into trenches that are held by Ukrainian forces.
T-72B3M, a tank (or main battle tank). It is part of the T-72 family of tanks.
=== Loss of aircraft ===
Russia has lost at least 200 combat airplanes and helicopters (as of 2024's second quarter), according to Oryx (an organisation).
== Strength and training ==
France finished training and equipping a new Ukrainian brigade (November 2024); About 4,500 soldiers are in the 155th "Anna of Kyiv" brigade.
F-16 pilots; Ukraine has 20 of them (as of 2024).
Earlier (and by Fall 2023), more than 60.000 Ukrainian soldiers had been trained in the West.
=== Soldiers and other people in the military ===
Ukraine:
209,000 (armed forces)
102,000 (paramilitary)
20,000 foreign volunteers
Russia:
":~175,000–190,000
Donetsk PR:
20,000
Luhansk PR:
14,000
In May 2022, Ukraine authorities says it has 700,000 servicemembers on active duty fighting the Russian invasion.
There are "68,000 women listed as serving in the Ukrainian army in 2024", according to media. The number of women that have an enlistment contract (they are soldiers) to the Ukrainian Armed Forces: 50,000 (as of December 2022).
Reserves (or soldiers not on active duty):
Ukraine:
900,000 according to media in 2021
==== At the start of the invasion ====
Russia:
175,000–190,000 (armed forces)
34,000 (separatist militias)
Ukraine:
196,600 (armed forces)
102,000 (paramilitary)
== Casualties ==
More than 100,000 soldiers have died. Over 1,000,000 soldiers are injured.
From Australia, about seven soldiers had died (by early October 2024).
From Finland, at least two soldiers (in the International Legion) had died (by the end of 2023).
Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (see hantavirus) has become a problem on the Russian side of the Kupiansk (map) front, according to Ukraine authorities (2023's fourth quarter); The disease has resulted in significant loss in ability to fight, according to media.
=== Treating wounded soldiers in other countries ===
No injured Ukrainian soldiers had yet been taken into Norway (as of 31 May 2022); On 31 May, the (Norwegian) minister of justice was ordered (or told) to come to parliament, later that day to answer questions about that. That evening, the justice minister said that Norway will let injured Ukrainian soldiers come to Norway; Those soldiers will be part of a total of 550 injured Ukrainian civilians and soldiers. On 12 June 2022, the first wounded soldiers came to Norway.
=== Civilians ===
The UN said that (15 January 2023): at least 7,031 civilians have died, because of the war.
== Impact (on refugees and the culture sector and the environment) ==
The offices of Ukraine's largest printing house were attacked (May 23, 2024 in Kharkiv) by Russian forces; Seven people were killed.
Environmental problems: The river Seym has (as of 2024) pollution; Media has called it an environmental disaster.
=== Refugees ===
Acc. to the UN (21 March 2022):4.3 million+ refugees and 6.5 million internally displaced person.
The President of Moldova, Maia Sandu, said over 4,000 Ukrainian citizens had crossed into Moldova since the invasion started. Poland [did get ready for] a large number of refugees to enter the country. To make border crossings easier, Poland lifted COVID-19 entry rules. Ukrainian refugees started crossing into Romania as well. Most of them entered through Siret in Suceava County. Romania said refugees did not need to quarantine or follow COVID rules.
== Details about the warfare ==
In regard to use of chemical weapons: "More than 2,000 Ukrainian [... soldiers] have been [put in hospital] due to chemical weapons poisoning caused by [...] Russian forces since the [... beginning] of Russia's ... invasion of Ukraine", according to media in 2024. Furthermore, at "least three people have died".
In regard to the use of fighting holes for two people: There is an increase in use of those foxholes (or defensive fighting position), according to media (as of 2025); This came about, largely because drones are being used to drop munitions onto a bunker so that an explosion can make a new opening into the bunker; Thru that new hole, another drone, can fly thru the hole and look for soldiers to hurt inside the bunker.
In regard to booby traps: Dead soldiers have been buried in graves; In some incidents, a body in a grave has been connected to a booby trap: when a grave is opened and a body is touched, then a grenade or other explosive weapon (see explosive), blows up.
In regard to use of artificial intelligence for warfare: As of 2024, "Russia has ... used artificial intelligence to help launch its attacks while AI has helped Ukraine defend itself from [many attacks on computer systems, or] the cyber onslaught".
== Ideas about peace ==
Ukraine and Russia had peace talks (May 2025).
Earlier (April 23), officials from Ukraine and other European countries said (in a meeting with U.S. officials), that "Sanctions against Russia should [... stay in place] until [... there is a] peace [... that lasts for a long time; The sanctions] must be [... put back in place] if Russia breaks" the peace or its conditions; Furthermore, "Western allies should provide ... security guarantees, possibly [... similar to the security guarantee between NATO member-countries or similar to] NATO’s Article 5"; That proposal goes against the peace plan of the U.S. government; The details of the U.S. plan, are not known to the public.
Ukraine's government has 3 "red lines for Ukraine in any peace deal", according to media (March 17); Furthermore, the foreign minister says that the government will not "[stop its plans for membership in NATO and EU, or] compromise on its EU and NATO aspirations, or agree to a [weaker or] neutered military"; Furthermore, the government "[will not or] would not recognize Russian-occupied territories".
"British and French military trainers [or a kind of teacher] are expected to be sent to western Ukraine", according to media (last week of April).
A mineral deal (or agreement) was signed April 30. Earlier ideas (or drafts) of the deal, is about minerals "including oil and gas". Another name for the mineral deal, is Ukraine–United States Mineral Resources Agreement.
A meeting between the president of Ukraine, and the U.S. president: that happened as late as April. The following month, the US vice-president and the US secretary of state met the Ukrainian president.
A peace plan, the Three Pillar Peace Plan, has been put forward by Mark Burns, a pastor, and politician Lindsey Graham, and the Peace Through Strength Institute.
The inner circle of the U.S. president, in regard to the peace plan and the war, includes politicians Don Bacon, and Brian Fitzpatrick.
Earlier (February 27), the British prime minister met with the U.S. president to talk about Ukraine; Trump got a letter from king Charles and was invited to the palace for a dinner (on some other day).
Earlier that month, Ukraine's president said that “If there is peace for Ukraine, [and] if you really need me to leave my [... job, then] I am ready. ... I can exchange it for NATO [or a membership in NATO, for Ukraine]” ; He can (or is willing to) leave his job immediately [or right away] if necessary.
At least one U.S. official came (February 19) to Ukraine. The U.S. envoy for Ukraine, came.
Earlier (February 18, 2025) some people from the U.S. government and from the Russian government, had a meeting (in Saudi Arabia), about peace in Ukraine.
Earlier (February 17 and 18), a group of leaders of EU countries came to an emergency summit [or meeting]; It was held by France's president. The leaders came from the member countries of the Weimar+ group. Some of those leaders say that "[... their countries can take some of their soldiers to Ukraine, or deploy] peacekeepers to Ukraine to back up any peace deal"; However, it is "too early (February 17) to say how many British troops [... UK's prime minister] would be willing to deploy", according to media.
Earlier (and in February),
Ukraine's president said that he "does not believe in security guarantees without" the United States.
In regard to Ukraine maybe getting Taurus rockets (picture); "We should be willing to [give such rockets to Ukraine, or] deliver them, but only if" there is agreement between EU countries, according to the leader of politcal party CDU; He said that at the Munich Security Conference.
Media said that the U.S. government "has been clear that we expect European partners to take the lead in establishing [... security or] a security framework [... according to] a US State Department spokesperson" (February); Furthermore, the U.S. government asked how can it help its European partners, so that the partners can take charge of securing peace in Ukraine: "[how many soldiers and how much weapons, will maybe] be needed from the US to [keep in place a peace deal, or] sustain a peace deal".
The Munich Security Conference has ended; The conference [... ended] on February 16, 2025. "No Russian government representatives [were] at the conference, according to media..
As of early December 2024, "the [ possibility or] prospect of negotiations to end the war in Ukraine" is growing, according to the head of Russia’s Foreign Intelligence Service; Furthermore, "the tasks set by [... Russia's president,] are [almost finished or] close to fulfillment".
Earlier in December, there was a meeting in France; The presidents of France and Ukraine, met with the president-elect of the United States. Media says that a "Ukrainian official said they had discussed "some key conditions" for ending the war"; Furthermore, "the presidents discussed at the meeting that there should be something that would guarantee [that there can be trust in that peace, or] the reliability of the peace".
Earlier (November 2024), Ukraine's president said that "The war will end, but there is no exact date. Certainly, with the policies of [the upcoming president's team or] the team that will now lead the White House, the war will end sooner", according to media.
A peace agreement during the upcoming presidency of the United States (2025-), will likely have a part or "outline [... that] will involve: Lines get frozen along the current front, but no [lessening of sanctions, or] sanctions moderation on Russia until a long term agreement is reached" about land. An article in the Kyiv Post said that earlier in November 2024.
"The Second World Peace Summit will not take place in November" 2024, according to media's quote of an advisor to the head of the President’s Office, in Ukraine.
Earlier (September 2024), "The Permanent Representative to the United Nations for the US [... said] that Kyiv’s allies in Washington have seen the new “peace plan” drafted ... by Ukraine's president [...], calling it “a plan that can work”", according to media.
Earlier that month, "India’s National Security Adviser [... is supposed to] travel to Moscow for meetings with" Russia's president; The goal is to resolve the war in Ukraine".
Earlier (and at the end of July 2024), the president of Ukraine said that "Giving up Ukrainian territories is a very, very difficult question", according to media.
The leader of China and the president of Ukraine have not met "since the start of the war", according to media (end of July 2024); However, they did speak "once by telephone, in April 2023".
Earlier in July, there was a first visit "of any senior Ukrainian official [in China] since Russia invaded Ukraine" in 2022. During the visit, Ukraine's government told "China that Russia [is] not ready for 'good faith' talks" about peace, according to media. The foreign minister of Ukraine came to China, and had talks with the foreign minister of China.
Earlier (and in 2024's third quarter), the mayor of Kyiv was thinking that the president of Ukraine "will likely need to hold a public referendum before [trading some land for peace, or] agreeing to any territorial compromises with Russia". The Vatican's secretary of state met with Ukraine's president in Kyiv; They talked about peace and exchanges of prisoners between Russia and Ukraine.
The June 2024 Ukraine peace summit, happened in Switzerland..
Earlier (May 2023), Ukrainian authorities said that all Russian forces must leave Ukraine, before there can be any negotiations about peace. In November 2023, Ukraine's president said a similar thing.
In regard to using NATO membership (for Ukraine) as a bargaining card (or something to trade for something else): at least one NATO member-country has shared the idea with authorities outside its own government. In August 2023, the Director of the Private Office of the NATO Secretary General said that "I think that one solution could be that Ukraine gives up [land or] territory, and gets a NATO membership" [as part of that deal or] in return". Someone else that has the same idea, is a former advisor of Ukraine's president.
In November, media said that one of the ideas would result in giving support for Russia's [military attacks or] aggression: A former secretary-general of Nato said that the area that the Ukrainian government has under its control, should become a NATO-member.
A Ukrainian authority said (2023) that negotiations follow a war, "but the principles are important, she said, and she referred to [,or talked about]" a (Ukrainian [government]) list of ten things [that must happen] according to Ukraine authorities.
Indonesian leaders have come with ideas about peace (as late as 2024); One idea is to make a joint economic zone; Furthermore, "economic cooperation and having the two countries being dependent on each other", can be a way "to reduce hostilities".
Officials from many countries, have attended meetings about peace; One meeting [happened] in June 2024; "freedom of navigation and food security" and nuclear security [including possible guarantees that Russia will not use nuclear bombs, [were] major topics. Russia did not go to at that meeting. In August 2023, there was a (meeting or) conference in Saudi Arabia, without Russian officials. Earlier (June), there was a meeting in Denmark, without Russian officials.
Views of leaders whose countries do the most business with Russia: India has not joined the countries that have an embargo against Russia; However, India's prime minister said (in September 2022, to Vladimir Putin) that now 'is not an era of war' [or a time for war].
In October 2024, media said that "Konstantin Remchukov, owner and editor of Russian newspaper Nezavisimaya Gazeta, published an important article in his newspaper"; Furthermore, the article (seems to or) "appears to lay out a Kremlin proposal for peace negotiations in Ukraine"; The Moscow correspondent for BBC wrote about that (in an article, “About Putin and Russia Today”).
Media said that the Kremlin (of Russia) gave notice (in late April 2025) about stopping or "[to] halt all [Russia's] military operations from May 8-10 in honor of the 80th anniversary of Victory Day". Ukraine's president gave a response: "For some reason, everyone is supposed to wait until May 8 before [a stop in shootings, or] ceasing fire, just to [... give] Putin ... silence for his parade. We value human lives, not parades. ... there is no reason to wait until May".
== Idea about elections (during war) ==
Martial law (in Ukraine) is due to last, at least until August 2025. Also, "Elections can not ... be held in Ukraine under martial law, which must be [made longer or] extended every 90 days". The next Ukrainian presidential election is likely to happen when martial law has been finished for 60 days (according to Verkhovna Rada's chairman). Another idea is that martial law must have been finished for six months.
In regard to parliamentary elections: a new date, has not been chosen [as of 2025's first quarter].
Oleksiy Arestovych said (in 2023's fourth quarter) that his (idea or) intention is that he will be one of the candidates "whenever the next [ presidential] elections will be held in Ukraine". The previous presidential election, was in 2019.
=== Ideas that the president (of Ukraine) has ===
Ukraine's president said (November 2023) that a time of war, is not the right time for an election.
Earlier (August 2023), Ukraine's president said that Ukraine has money for fighting against invaders and buying weapons; The government does not expect to take some of that money to set up (wartime) elections. However, if other countries pay for elections (in Ukraine, during this war), and if Ukrainian lawmakers understand that we need elections during the war, then laws can be changed to make those elections possible, according to Ukraine's president. He also said that the cost of elections during times of peace, is around 5 billion Hryvnja (Ukrainian money).
== War economy ==
Media said (2025) that the view of a Ukrainian authority, is that "victory is only possible" thru significant damage to the war economy of Russia; According to Valerii Zaluzhnyi, "destruction of its (or Russia's) military-economic potential", is necessary.
== United States Government Changes ==
United States President Trump, Vice President JD Vance, and Elon Musk (head of the Department of Government Efficiency) are against Ukraine. Former president Joe Biden and many others were in support of Ukraine. This is causing the United States to stop the funding of Ukraine.
== Military units ==
=== Russian units ===
810th Naval Infantry Brigade, fighting in Kursk oblast, Russia (as of 2024's fourth quarter).
83rd Guards Air Assault Brigade, were hit in Kursk oblast, by rockets being fired from HIMARS (2024's fourth quarter)
39th Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade
37th Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade
36th Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade
40th Naval Infantry Brigade
5th separate tank brigade
218st Tank Regiment
60th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade
114th Motorized Rifle Regiment
143rd Motorized Rifle Regiment from the 127th MRD
1st squad BARS
69th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade
22nd separate special purpose brigade
247th Guards Air Assault Regiment
1152nd motorized rifle regiment
503rd Motorized Rifle Regiment, at Nesterianka (as of 2024's fourth quarter)
125st Regiment (DPR)
429th Motorized Rifle Regiment, near Kamianske, Vasylivka Raion
Six brigades are being made larger (as of 2025), so that each of those will become a corps.
== Related pages ==
Spillover of the Russian invasion of Ukraine
List of ongoing armed conflicts
Russo-Ukrainian War
Ghost of Kyiv
The Long Breakup, a film by the filmmaker Katya Soldak about the relationship between Ukraine and Russia.
Vitalii Skakun, a Ukrainian "Suicide Bomber" that helped slow Russian advances into Ukraine. Formerly a combat engineer.
== Notes ==
== References ==
== Other websites ==
Media related to 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine at Wikimedia Commons
Part of Putin's national address pre-invasion, comments archived at archive.today, video archived at ghostarchive.org
TITLE Tariffs in the second Trump administration
President Donald Trump announced a series of steep tariffs on nearly all goods imported to the US. On April 2, 2025, Trump signed an executive order imposing a minimum 10% tariff on all US imports with elevated tariffs on 57 nations and limited exceptions. The general tariffs took effect on April 5.
Trump escalated (or stepped up) an ongoing trade war with China; Baseline tariffs on Chinese imports, were raise to an effective 145% after April 9, 2025. He also (started or) initiated a new trade war with Canada and Mexico (see Second presidency of Donald Trump), by imposing a 25% tariff on most goods from the countries; However, he later (gave or) granted indefinite exemptions for goods compliant with the USMCA (in use since 2020). He later (had put in place or) imposed a 25% tariff on imported steel, aluminum, and automotive products from all countries.
The "tariff on steel [... will become ]50 percent", from the first week of June.
Aftermath: The 2025 stock market crash happened in April. Trump is calling April 2, 2025, "Liberation Day".
Exceptions: U.S. authorities said (April 11), that there will be no tariffs on smart phones, laptop computers, hard disks, computer processors, and memory chips.
Reactions: [U.S. politicians or] "Democrats call for insider trading investigation", according to media.
== Countries ==
In Asia
China. On May 12, officials from the US and China agreed to bring the tariffs down for 90 days. Those tariffs were taken down to 30% (on Chinese things) and (to) 10% on things from the U.S. However, further further negotiations and discussions are being done. Earlier (April), tariffs jumped to "125% ... . But that comes on top of a 20% fentanyl-related tariff that Trump previously [had put in place, on Chinese goods, or] imposed on China", according to media (on April 10). Earlier (April 9), media said that tariffs will "climb to 125 percent".
Japan. Negotiations about trade are ongoing (as of 2025's second quarter); The "US President [... said in May, that there now is] a partnership between United States Steel Corp and Nippon Steel Corp of Japan.
Philippines, 17% tariff (as of 2025's second quarter)
India. 27% "reciprocal tariff" for Indian goods; That tariff was applied on April 2.
Thailand. 36% tariff (as of 2025's second quarter) A date for trade talks between the U.S. and Thailand, has not been set (as of the middle of May).
"Thailand is in big geopolitical trouble [... with the U.S. government] over the Uyghur deportation [from Thailand to China,] in February and the [... case] of Paul Chambers, an American academic", according to media; Furthermore, "these two issues come up before [the issue of] tariffs". Earlier (April 2025), Thaksin Shinawatra claimed that negotiations about lowering tariffs, have stopped, and "they [the US] are now acting on information [...] about lawsuits against a number of American citizens". Trade talks "had been scheduled for April 23 in" the United States; The talks did not happen, because of a postponement.
In Europe:
Ukraine; There is "[10 percent tariff or] blanket 10 percent tariffs on ... Ukraine" (as of April 10), according to a U.S. senator; Earlier (April 9), a law was suggested to the U.S. senate, that would take away that tariff; The law proposal is called Supporting American Allies Act.
EU countries: Tariffs will be paused until July 9, according to the U.S. president; Negotiations are supposed to happen. Earlier (and as of April 10), "Some of the EU’s import duties of between 10% and 25% will [be in place, or] come into force on April 15, with others taking effect in May and the remainder in December", according to media (April 10). A proposal for a "straight 50% Tariff on the European Union" (from June 1), came from the U.S. president (May 23).
Norway. 15% tariff (as of April 8); However, the U.S. government made changes (April 9), but media is not sure if those changes, deal with Norwegian goods.
In the Middle East:
Israel; There is "[10 percent tariff or] blanket 10 percent tariffs on ... Israel" (as of April 10), according to a U.S. senator; Earlier (April 9), a law was suggested to the U.S. senate, that would take away that tariff; The law proposal is called Supporting American Allies Act.
== References ==
TITLE Robert Lighthizer
Robert Emmet Lighthizer (born October 11, 1947) is an American lawyer. He was the 18th United States Trade Representative from May 15, 2017 to January 20, 2021.
Lighthizer is a partner with the law firm of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom, where he works to gain access to foreign markets on behalf of U.S. corporations. In the 1980s, he served as deputy trade representative during President Ronald Reagan's administration.
== Early life ==
Lighthizer was born in Ashtabula, Ohio. He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1969 and a Juris Doctor in 1973 from Georgetown University.
== Career ==
From 1973 through 1978, before working in government, Lighthizer worked for the Washington, DC law firm of Covington & Burling.
In 1983, during the administration of President Ronald Reagan, he became deputy trade representative. He negotiated two dozen bilateral international agreements on subjects ranging from steel to grain.
In 1985, Lighthizer negotiated against the United States, on behalf of Brazil, in a trade dispute over ethanol. Between 1985 and 1990, Lighthizer represented five foreign clients.
He has been a long time supporter of the U.S. steel industry. He convinced Japan, South Korea, Mexico, and the United Kingdom to accept “voluntary restraint agreements” to limit the amount of cheap steel they could dump on the U.S. market.
== United States Trade Representative (2017–2021) ==
On January 3, 2017, then-President-elect Donald Trump announced that he planned to nominate Lighthizer as U.S. trade representative, a cabinet-level position.
Lighthizer's nomination was confirmed by the United States Senate on a 82-14 vote.
During his time in office, he focused on American trade policy during Trump's first presidency. His policies were focused toward protection of manufacturing in the United States. Lighthizer had an important role in the administration's renegotiation of NAFTA and the United States' trade war with China. Many of these trade policies have been kept by the Biden administration.
== Second Trump administration ==
In November 2024, President-elect Trump said that Lighthizer will serve as his "trade czar" during his second administration.
== Personal life ==
Lighthizer lives in Rockville, Maryland and has 2 children.
== References ==
== Other websites ==
Media related to Robert Lighthizer at Wikimedia Commons
Quotations related to Robert Lighthizer at Wikiquote
Lighthizer Appearances on C-SPAN
TITLE Russian invasion of Ukraine
On 24 February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine. The invasion causes thousands of deaths every month (as of 2025).
It is part of the Russo-Ukrainian War that started in 2014. The 2022 invasion started after the 2021–2022 Russo-Ukrainian crisis. Russia supported the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic in the months before the invasion.
More Russian soldiers came to the Donbas region of eastern Ukraine on 21 February 2022. The invasion was condemned by many countries. In Russia, many opposition groups formed anti-war protests. Thousands of the protesters were arrested by the Russian government.
Millions of refugees fled to western Ukraine or to Poland and other foreign countries. Many foreign countries denounced the invasion. On 2 March 2022, United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/1 demanded that Russia take its troops out of Ukraine.
The war is ongoing, as of 2025.
== Background ==
In 1994, the security agreement, "The Budapest Memorandum (Officially the Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances) (pictured)" was signed. It was signed by authorities from the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Russian Federation. Those authorities promised to [protect or] safeguard Ukraine’s sovereignty in exchange for [Ukraine giving or] surrendering nuclear weapons" to Russia.
== Announcement of war ==
At about 06:00 Moscow time (UTC+3), Russian president Vladimir Putin announced a military operation in eastern Ukraine. Minutes later, missile strikes began at locations across the country, including in the capital Kyiv. The Ukrainian Border Service said that its border posts with Russia and Belarus were attacked.
== Invasion ==
Minutes after Putin's announcement, explosions were heard in Kyiv, Kharkiv, Odesa and the Donbas. Ukrainian officials said that Russia landed soldiers in Odesa and Mariupol and launched cruise and ballistic missiles at airfields, military headquarters, and military depots in Kyiv, Kharkiv, and Dnipro. Soldiers also went into Ukraine through Belarus. It is the largest attack by one country against another in Europe since World War II.
President Volodymyr Zelensky said that there would be martial law in Ukraine. Later he ordered the Ukrainian Army to kill as many Russian invaders as possible.
=== February 2022 ===
Moments after the invasion on 24 February, the Ukrainian government said that Russia took Chernobyl and Pripyat. The US government said that the Russians were holding the workers of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant hostage. At 22:00 (UTC+2), Russian forces captured Snake Island after a naval and air attack of the island. The thirteen border guards on the island were thought to have been killed in the bombardment after refusing to surrender to a Russian warship. President Zelenskyy announced that the border guards would be posthumously granted the title of Hero of Ukraine, the country's highest honor. However, it was found out later that the border guards were alive and captured by Russian forces.
On February 24, "the village of Hostomel near Kyiv became one of the hottest points of the invasion. Russian troops [... tried] to land paratroopers at the Antonov airfield", according to media. Furthermore, about 30 Ukrainian soldiers from "HUR special forces had only Kalashnikov rifles, a few grenade launchers, one armored personnel carrier, and grenades. They shot down a Russian helicopter, and [... some helicopters] were downed by National Guardsmen. In total, all special services and armed formations destroyed about 500 [Russian] paratroopers".
On February 25, while Russian soldiers approached Kyiv, Zelenskyy asked residents to create Molotov cocktails to "neutralise" the enemy. Putin meanwhile called on the Ukrainian military to overthrow the government. Ukraine gave 18,000 rifles (a kind of gun) to Kyiv residents who wanted to fight. Some Russian soldiers did enter northern Kyiv.
On 26 February, heavy fighting was reported to the south of Kyiv, near the city of Vasylivka and its air base. A Ukrainian fighter jet (Su-27) shot down a Russian transport plane (Ilyushin -76) carrying paratroopers near Vasylkiv. Hundreds of deaths were reported in Kyiv during this battle. That same day, Russia claimed to have captured Melitopol, near the Sea of Azov.
On 27 February, President Putin ordered Russia's nuclear deterrent forces to be on "special alert" because of "aggressive statements" by NATO. That same day, President Zelenskyy announced that Ukrainian and Russian officials had agreed to meet, without conditions. That same day, a Russian airstrike killed over 70 Ukrainian soldiers at a military base in Okhtyrka. Russian soldiers have been accused of killing civilians and the using of cluster bombs on civilians - which may be seen as war crimes.
=== March 2022 ===
On 1 March, Ukrainian sources said Belarus joined the invasion, sending its soldiers to the Chernihiv region in Ukraine's north. Belarus said this had not happened. On the same day, there was at least one rocket attack on Kyiv; With AFP as a source, media wrote that "Russian strike stirs symbolism at Kyiv Holocaust site". The next day, Russia claimed to have captured its first large city, the Black Sea port of Kherson, as fighting intensifies across many parts of Ukraine, including civilian areas. That same day, the International Criminal Court began an investigation into possible war crimes committed in Ukraine.
On 3 March, Ukraine passed a law that states captured Russian military equipment and tanks does not need to be declared and tax will not be applied on them. The next day, Russian forces attacked and bombed the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant. The main reactor was not hit and fallout did not occur. That same day, foreign news outlets including the BBC, CNN, and many others stopped their reporting in Russia, after new legislation threatened 15-year jail terms for spreading "fake news".
On 5 March, Russia announced a temporary ceasefire to allow civilians to leave the cities of Mariupol and Volnovakha. The next day, Vinnytsia International Airport was destroyed by Russian missiles, as President Zelenskyy called for a no-fly zone to stop future attacks in Ukraine.
On 7 March, Ukraine rejected a proposal by Moscow to open refugee passages after Russia said refugees would only be allowed to reach Belarus or Russia.
Putin had denied on 7 February, that Russian conscripts were used in the invasion, because Russian law does not allow the use of conscripts in battle outside Russia. Russian media later said that conscripts were used.
On 13 March 30 Russian missiles hit the Yavoriv military base, close to the border with Poland, killing 35 and injuring 134 others.
On 24 March, NATO announced that four new battlegroups totalling 40,000 soldiers will be sent to Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania and Slovakia, along with enhanced readiness for potential chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear threats.
On 29 March, Russia's deputy defense minister said that Moscow decided to "cut back" military activity near Kyiv and Chernihiv to increase mutual trust for future negotiations to agree and sign a peace deal with Ukraine".
=== April 2022 ===
On 2 April, Russia said that the country would not work with Western countries on the International Space Station until the "full and unconditional removal of illegal sanctions". The next day, Ukraine accused Russia and Putin of war crimes because of civilian killings such as the Bucha massacre. U.S. President Joe Biden called for Putin to be tried for war crimes. On 7 April, Russia was suspended from the United Nations Council on Human Rights. This followed a vote which was backed by 97 nations.
On 8 April, Russia attacked the Kramatorsk train station with missiles, which killed many civilians trying to evacuate, including children. On 13 April, the Russian flagship cruiser Moskva, the largest naval vessel to be sunk since the end of World War II, sank after an explosion off of the Ukrainian coast.
On 19 April, Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov announced that Russia's military operation had entered a new phase, focused on the entire front line of Eastern Ukraine with the city of Kreminna reportedly the first to be captured.
=== May 2022 ===
On 14 May, Russian forces withdrew (or did leave) from Ukraine's second-largest city Kharkiv, in the north-east of the country.
The Battle of Kharkiv ended on 14 May 2022. Ukrainian soldiers won it.
On 16 May, the Siege of Mariupol ended in a Russian victory.
=== June 2022 ===
The Battle of Sievierodonetsk is going on, as of June's first week.
On 27 June, the Russian Armed Forces fired missiles at a mall in Kremenchuk, Ukraine, which killed sixteen people and injured over 50 others.
=== July 2022 ===
On 3 July, Russia and the Luhansk People's Republic took control of the entire Luhansk Oblast after seizing Lysychansk. On 14 July, a Russian missile attacked Vinnytsia in central Ukraine, which killed at least 22 people, including 3 children, and injured at least 100 others.
=== August 2022 ===
According to the Kyiv School of Economics, the conflict has caused $113.5 billion in damages and destruction in Ukraine. Transportation infrastructure and housing is the main reason for these damages.
=== September 2022 ===
On 30 September 2022, Vladimir Putin announced the annexation of Ukraine's Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia regions in an address to both houses of the Russian parliament. Ukraine, the United States, the European Union and the United Nations all condemned the annexation.
=== October 2022 ===
On 8 October, the Crimean Bridge partially collapsed due to an explosion. Russia accused Ukraine of being behind the blast and launched retaliatory missile strikes against Ukrainian civilian areas.
=== November 2022 ===
On 9 November, Russian troops began to withdraw from Kherson, the only regional capital they captured since the start of the invasion. The city was recaptured by Ukrainian forces, two days later, on 11 November.
=== December 2022 ===
In early December, heavy fighting was still going on near Bakhmut and south of Bakhmut (Battle of Bakhmut).
=== January 2023 ===
The British government said on 14 January 2023 that Ukraine would get 14 Challenger 2 tanks. These tanks are the first Western battle tanks (or western, main battle tanks) given to Ukraine.
On 25 January 2023, the German government said that Germany will send Leopard 2 tanks to Ukraine; The government will also allow other countries to do the same. German authorities can say if countries have permission to send those tanks. Later that day, the United States government said that 31 Abrams tanks will be sent to Ukraine.
=== February 2023 ===
In February, Poland's prime minister said that Poland can give some F-16 fighter aircraft to Ukraine. That can happen if all the NATO member countries agree to that.
Later in February the Wall Street Journal reported that China was handing over technology that the Russian military needs for the war in Ukraine. Other reports said that "Chinese state-owned defense companies" are "shipping navigation equipment, jamming technology and fighter-jet parts" to Russia.
Later in February, authorities said that 8 Leopard 2 tanks would be going out of Norway (to Ukraine), "as soon as practically possible". Finland will send 3 of that kind of tanks. Poland delivered their first Leopard 2 battle tank, later in February.
=== March 2023 ===
8 battle tanks (Leopard 2) arrived from Norway.
=== April 2023 ===
The 2023 Pentagon document leaks became known in April. One part of the leak - a slide - says that more Russians than Ukrainians have died in the war. The size of the leak is c. 60 documents, or more than 100. Authorities from Ukraine, Russia and other countries have made comments about the leak.
=== May 2023 ===
Ukraine has "nine new brigades that [... as of May, are] being kept away from the front line. They will be joined by eight brigades of a recently-formed ‘Offensive Guard’ – highly-motivated volunteers chosen for [an upcoming] assault [against Russian soldiers]. Some 35,000 [...] were trained from two to four months", according to media.
=== June 2023 ===
The Kakhovka dam was damaged. Thousands of civilians were evacuated from areas that were either going to be flooded, or from areas that already were flooded. The lake behind the dam was drained out after a few days. The incident is sometimes called the Kakhovka dam failure.
Around the frontline settlement Novodonetske (map) in Donetsk oblast, Ukrainian marines were pushing back the Vostok Battalion, according to media (on 6 June).
A Russian general was killed in Zaporizhzhia oblast. He was the chief of staff of a Russian field Army. (Related page: field army)
Thousands of soldiers from the Russian private military company PMC Wagner, went across the Ukrainian-Russian border, and took control of two Russian cities. (Related page: Wagner Group rebellion)
On 27 June, the office of Belarus' leader published a video clip in which the Belarus' leader said that soldiers from PMC Wagner, can come and stay in military camps in Belarus. Authorities in Latvia and Lithuania asked NATO to add security before a "Wagner base" maybe will be created in Belarus. (Related page: military base)
==== Start of 2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive ====
The 2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive started no later than 8 June. It is a series of offensives (against Russian soldiers) on fronts in Donetsk Oblast, Zaporizhzhia oblast and [ Lukhansk oblast and] other places.
As of 8 June, much of the fighting (of the counteroffensive) is near the cities Orikhiv (map), Tokmak (in Tokmak ("municipality")), and Bakhmut (map) and other settlements.
=== July 2023 ===
The United States government said in July that it will export cluster bombs to Ukraine.
Ukrainian pilots will get training in F16 fighter-jets; The training is supposed to start next month.
General Oleg Tsokov was killed by a Storm Shadow missile in Berdiansk city (map). He was the deputy commander of the Southern Military District (Russia).
The 2023 Crimean Bridge explosion resulted in two deaths.
The major rail connection from Crimea to other parts of Ukraine where Russia has soldiers, was hit; The rail line was hit at the Chonhar railway bridge. The rail line is still broken (as of August).
=== August 2023 ===
As of 4 August, a Landing Ship, the Olenegorsky Gornyak has much damage. It was damaged by a drone boat, at the Novorossiysk naval base in Russia's Southern Federal District. The base is along (part of) the Black Sea; The drone carried 450 kilograms of TNT.
A Russian S-400 missile system in Olenivka on Crimea's Tarkhankut Peninsula, was hit and destroyed by Ukrainian missiles; Some Russian soldiers died.
Near Perevalne (map), Crimea, a military base under Russian control, was bombed by many combat drones; Some people died.
Four transport airplanes (Ilyushin-76) were damaged at an airport in Pskov oblast, Russia (map) during a Ukrainian drone attack.
Combat drones (from AFU) made of cardboard were used to destroy Russian aircraft at an airport in Kursk (map), Russia. Corvo drones were used.
Two more countries (Greece and Czechia) are going to train Ukrainian pilots in F-16 fighter-jets. The training program will be run by Denmark, Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Poland, Belgium, Luxembourg, Romania, Portugal, Sweden and Norway.
=== September 2023 ===
As of 3 September, parts of at least one Russian drone hit the ground in Romania (and near the village of Ceatalchioi (map) in Tulcea County). As of 9 September, parts of another Russian drone hit the ground in Romania.
In Sevastopol, Crimea, a Ropucha-class Landing Ship was destroyed and a Kilo-class submarine and a KC-701-class patrol boat were damaged. They were attacked by cruise missiles.
A Russian S-400 surface-to-air missile-system has been destroyed (as of 14 September) near Yevpatoria, Crimea after being hit by two Neptune cruise missiles.
Two Russian ships (Project 22160 patrol ship) were hit by Ukrainian naval drones; Because of significant damage, the ships had to return to port.
The rocket attack on Sevastopol Naval Base killed some Russian officers; An admiral was possibly one of the dead people. (Related pages, Sevastopol Naval Base, admiral)
=== October 2023 ===
Ukrainian soldiers have started using ATACMS rockets with warheads that have cluster munitions; The version of the rocket used in Ukraine, can go as far as 165 km; [Ukraine does not have (as of 2023) ] other versions which can go farther.
=== November 2023 ===
A Russian warship of the Karacurt-class was damaged.
A car carrying pro-Russian Chechen fighters was attacked and blown up by Ukrainian (resistance fighters or) partisans over the weekend (of 27 November), according to media; The ambush happened near Myrne (map), North of Melitopol (city).
=== December 2023 ===
On December 6, the United States Senate did not pass a law (or a bill), that would have sent [14] billions of dollars to Israel and [50] billions to Ukraine.
A Russian warship of the Ropucha-class (picture) was destroyed, in Feodosiya (map), Crimea; The wreck is alongside a pier and mostly under water.
On [December 27, U.S. time], the U.S. government made a decision to give $250 million in military aid.
=== January 2024 ===
A counter-battery radar (belonging to Russia) was destroyed: the 1К148 Yastreb-AV radar was destroyed; Two rockets were fired from [one or two] HIMARS rocket launcher.
Regarding F16 fighter jets: Denmark said that the delivery of those [is supposed to] happen in 2024's second quarter; The reason for the delay is that it takes time to train pilots and other people that are going to support the readiness of the 19 airplanes. Earlier (December 2023), media said that F-16 fighter jets are ready to be sent to Ukraine, and that the Dutch government is ready to give (the first) 18 of those airplanes.
=== February 2024 ===
Leaders of the European Union have said yes to giving 50 billion euros ($54 billion) to Ukraine; The aid is to support the Ukrainian economy; The first instalment of 4.5 billion euros ($4.9 billion) will arrive in March 2024.
Ukraine changed its commander-in-chief; Oleksandr Syrskyi became chief, replacing Valerii Zaluzhnyi.
Marines (of the AFU) will be trained by Norway's authorities.
In regard to when the first F-16 fighter jets, will come to Ukraine: The secretary-general of NATO said that "the decision [about when] to deliver F-16s to Ukraine would be left to each [... country, and they have their own rules or different] policies".
"Ukraine will join NATO. It is not a question of if, but [it is a question] of when", according to the secretary-general of NATO.
There are groups that are resisting the Russian soldiers; The resistance groups sometimes do surveillance, "reconnaissance missions [and], sabotage [...] in co-ordination with Ukraine’s" authorities; One of the groups is Atesh.
=== March 2024 ===
"America’s best robot spy plane, the Global Hawk spent … hours over the east Black Sea sometimes swinging" ... "close to 100 km from the Russian mainland and" Sochi.
The U.S. authorities [sent] "a new package of weapons worth $300 million to Ukraine, and it [included] a number of [... ATACMS], according to U.S. officials [...] . The package [... included] a number of the Anti-Personnel/Anti-Materiel, or APAM, an older version of the long-range ATACMS, which travels 100 miles and carries warheads containing hundreds of cluster bomblets", according to media.
Ukraine has an intention (or idea), that in the future, [any] conscript (or a specific kind of soldier) will be set free from military service after [that] conscript has been fighting for 18 months; That plan is a response to a protest (that had female relatives of conscripts) in early November. The plan has not become law (as of 2024).
"One of the first times in nearly nine months the AFU ... launched an entire brigade into combat", according to media; That brigade made it possible for another brigade to be pulled away from battle; Later, Avdiivka was abandoned by Ukrainian forces.
A Bumblebee military airplane, model A-50U was shot down; That kind is used for airborne early warning and control, by Russian forces.
The first shipment of funds from Europe was received.
=== April 2024 ===
The U.S. government said "yes" to (more financial aid, or) $61 billion in military aid to Ukraine.;
About loaning military aid to Ukraine: presidential candidate Donald Trump is (earlier in April) not against military aid being loaned to Ukraine (instead of the U.S. government sending military aid as a gift); Trump said that, while politician Mike Johnson was standing next to him.
The 67th Brigade of Ukraine was taken off the rolls; The brigade was
broken up, by the orders of Oleksander Syrsky ; Parts of the brigade had earlier (given up, or) "abandoned positions in the Chasiv Yar sector [of the frontline,] under heavy Russian pressure"; The brigade had mostly volunteers from one political group.
Ukrainian forces used c. 12 rockets (or missiles) to hit "air bases and air defense installations across Crimea peninsula" (April 30); Some (or all) of the rockets were possibly ATACMS. (See /ATACMS)
A Russian warship, a Buyan-M corvette (picture) was attacked, damaged and set on fire in the Kaliningrad region.
=== May 2024 ===
Lithuanian soldiers are ready to be sent to Ukraine, so that they can train Ukrainian soldiers, according to the president of Lithuania.
=== June 2024 ===
Explosions, or "major explosions", were reported in Crimea and Krasnodar Krai according to media (June 12).
The ships and boats of the (Russian) Black Sea Fleet, are mostly staying in the Sea of Azov; In other areas of the Black Sea, many Russian ships and boats have beeen damaged or sunk.
=== July 2024 ===
At least three Russian drones crossed into a member-country of Nato, Romania. NATO says that there is no sign that there was an intention to attack Romania, according to media. At least one drone, was a kamikaze drone.
About F-16 fighter airplanes flying into Ukraine's airspace: One F-16 was seen (flying inside of Ukraine) as early as the last day of July. That is the first time since the start of the invasion.
A "Mi-8 military helicopter of the Russian forces ... was downed near Russian-occupied Donetsk"; It was attacked by a drone (and crashed into the ground).
=== August 2024 ===
Earlier that month, Atesh guerrillas said that they found the place of "a Russian Buk-M2 anti-aircraft missile system in the Volnovakha district of the Donetsk [... oblast]"; Furthermore, it is supposed to be “for hunting F-16s”, according to media.
==== Start of offensive (or counter-offensive) into Russia ====
Ukrainian forces rolled some of their tanks and other military vehicles into Russia. The attack is called a counter-offensive, and the Kursk offensive (since 2024). Ukrainian soldiers went into Kursk Oblast (August 6). By August 9, there were around 10,000 or 12,000 Ukrainian soldiers in Kursk Oblast, according to an expert at CEIP. Earlier (August 8), Ukrainian soldiers were present in areas 35 kilometers from the Ukrainian border.
"A state of emergency [has been] declared [... in Kursk oblast] by" Russia's president.
Ukrainian media visited the town of Sudzha; The gas
metering station in Sudzha, is the only (way or) "route of Russian gas" to get "to Europe through Ukraine". Media showed pictures of Ukrainian soldiers removing the Russian flag from a building in the town of Sudzha; The flag was thrown on the ground.
Ukrainian forces have some soldiers in Belgorod Oblast (as of August 10).
"Ukraine [is creating, or] would create a “buffer zone” Kursk", according to media; Furthermore, “The creation of [... that] in the Kursk region is a step to protect [... Ukrainian ] border communities from daily shelling” by enemy forces, according to a member of Ukraine's cabinet.
=== September 2024 ===
Ukraine is [using drones or Ukraine is able] to strike places in Russia that are (up to) c. 1,800 km away from Ukraine.
=== October 2024 ===
Six Russian soldiers who deserted the front line, got a temporary visa to an EU country, according to media.
About the Victory Plan of Ukraine's government: Ukraine's president said that “We’ve also received very positive signals from the United States,”; Furthermore, “We are expecting a visit from a team from [the U.S. government or] Washington, so that we can work on the points of the Victory Plan at all operational levels”".
"In Berdiansk, a railway bridge used by Moscow’s troops" was destroyed, according to media.
=== November 2024 ===
Media said that "The United States [has plans, or] aims to send [... some] contractors to Ukraine to help [... doing maintainance] on ... warplanes and air defense systems [... , according to] a US defense official".
Denmark signed contracts to buy Ukrainian built weapons for the Ukrainian military; The contracts are for $629 million. The deal is supposed to (help or) boost weapons production in Ukraine.
South Korea's leader met with China's leader; Furthermore, "[... South Korea] calls on [China's leader] Xi Jinping [to stop or] to halt [ North Korea's] military co-operation with Putin". Several thousand North Korean soldiers have come to Kursk oblast after Ukrainian forces took some of the fight (against Russian forces), into Russia's Kursk oblast.
Ukraine got permission to use ATACMS rockets to hit Russian territory; The president of the U.S. gave the permission.
=== December 2024 ===
A new group of F-16 combat airplanes, have arrived in Ukraine, according to the president of Ukraine (early December 2024).
Russia's military is still fighting in Syria (while also fighting in Ukraine).
The former chief "of the Olenivka prison was killed when his car blew up; Furthermore, he had been accused of "the 2022 terrorist attack on Ukrainian prisoners of war", according to media.
=== January 2025 ===
Donald Trump became president of the United States (after being out of office, for 4 years). Pete Hegseth [later became] the chief of the U.S. department of defense.
Keith Kellogg [became] the U.S. government's special envoy for Ukraine and Russia.
=== February 2025 ===
"Ukraine [... got] its first [ Mirage 2000 or] upgraded Mirage 2000 fighter jets from France", according to media; Media did not say how many airplanes that Ukraine got from that first group (of those planes) that came to Ukraine..
=== March 2025 ===
Drones from HUR, [a Ukrainian agency], did strike a drone factory in Obukhovo, Kaluga oblast, Russia; There were explosions and a fire at that industrial (place or) site.
=== April 2025 ===
A mineral deal,
the Ukraine–United States Mineral Resources Agreement, was signed on April 30. (See Russian invasion of Ukraine§Ideas about peace)
In regard to the U.S. government sending military aid, $50 million: The [U.S. government or the] Trump administration said (April 30) to the U.S. Congress, that the government has an intention [or idea], of doing that; Direct commercial sales, is the kind of aid.
Ukraine got, earlier that month, an [ Argus radar airplane or] Saab 340 AEW&C. It is an Airborne early warning and control (picture) airplane.
=== May 2025 ===
Drones (from Ukraine's military) are "hitting missile production and energy facilities", according to media; Furthermore, such drones "have [ contributed to, or] killed mobile internet for dozens of Russian cities and towns"; Furthermore, in regard to "stranded [ air travelers, there are] tens of thousands of" those.
There "are no more restrictions on [... Ukraine] using Western long-range weaponry against targets inside Russia", according to Germany's chancellor; However, Germany has not given long-range weapons (as of May).
Earlier (May 24), 13 Ukrainians were killed by a Russian attack in Kyiv. Hours later, hundreds (possibly even thousands) of Prisoners of War were switched between Russia and Ukraine.
=== June 2025 ===
Russia shoots down 10 Ukrainian drones that were targetting Moscow. Ukraine has also been launching attacks on Russian drone factories.
A study finds that the death count from the invasion is nearing 1.4 million.
==== Front line and line-of-contact ====
There have been changes on the front line (or zero-line), every month.
Lyptsi (map), the line of control is near (as of 2024's second quarter)
Vovchansk (map), the line of control is near (as of 2024's second quarter). The city is in Chuhuiv raion.
The line of control goes into Russia (from the border), and thru parts of Kursk oblast:
Snagost (map), village, near the line of control (as of 2024's third quarter)
Korenevo
Obshchy Kolodez (map), near the line of control (as of 2024's third quarter); The village is in Korenevsky district.
Sudzha (map), town, near the line of control (as of 2024's third quarter)
The line of control goes into Russia (from the border), and thru parts of Belgorod oblast (as of 2025's second quarter).
Oskil (picture); The river is near the line of contact (as of 2025's first quarter).
Dvorichna (map); settlement to the West of the Oskil river. The line of contact is near (as of 2025's first quarter)
Kupiansk (map), Ukraine; [near the line of contact as of 2024's third quarter]; The city is controlled by Ukrainian soldiers. The city is in Kupiansk raion.
Synkivka (map), is near the line of control (as of 2024's second quarter)
Krokhmalne (map), under Russian control as of 2024's first quarter; The settlement is in Kupiansk Raion, Kharkiv Oblast.
Tabaivka (map), a frontline village (as of 2024's first quarter); It is in Kupiansk Raion.
Some of the Donetsk front is on the eastern front.
Bohdanivka, the village is on the frontline (as of 2024's first quarter). The settlement Khromove (map) in] Bakhmut Raion, is behind Russian lines (as of 2024's second); the line of contact [was] near (as of the last week of 2023)
Chasiv Yar (map), near the line of contact (as of 2024's third quarter)
Ivanivske (map), the line of contact is near (as of 2024's first quarter)
/Yahidne, controlled by Russia [as of 2024's first quarter]
Toretsk, near the line of contact (as of 2025's first quarter)
Horlivka; The line of contact is near (as of 2024's first quarter). The city is in Horlivka Raion.
Novokalynove (map) or Novokalynovo, controlled by Ukraine (as of 2024's first quarter); The village is in Pokrovsk raion
Ocheretyne (map), [near the line of contact, as of 2024's fourth quarter] and Berdyche (map) and Stepove (map), [near the line of contact, as of 2024's second quarter]; the villages are in Pokrovsk raion.
Avdiivka (map), the line of contact is near (as of 2023's last week)
Oputne (map), controlled by Russia (as of 2024's first quarter)
Umanske (map), the line of contact is near (as of 2024's second quarter)
/Tonenke, the line of contact is near (as of 2024's first quarter)
Pervomaiske (map), near the line of contact (as of 2024's first quarter)
Baranivka (map) and Novooleksandrivka ([1]), near the line of contact (as of 2024's third quarter)
Lozuvatske (map), near the line of contact (as of 2024's third quarter)
Ivanivka(map) and Prohres (map), and Sokil (map) and Voskhod, near the line of contact (as of 2024's third quarter)
Hrodivka and Vesele (map) and Vovche; They are near the line of contact (as of 2024's third quarter); The settlements are in Pokrovsk raion.
Pokrovsk, c. 8 km from the line of contact (as of 2024's third quarter) The Pokrovsk sector, is a name for part of the frontline.
Nevelske (map), controlled by Ukraine as of (2024's first quarter); It is in Pokrovsk Raion.
Donetsk City; Russia controls the city as of 2025.
Krasnohorivka (map); The line of contact is near (as of 2024's third quarter).
Marinka (map); As of 2023's last week, the line of contact runs (or goes) thru the outskirts of the city; The city is in Pokrovsk Raion. There are almost no Ukrainian soldiers left in the city (as of December 2023).
Heorhiivka (map), near the line of contact (as of 2024's second quarter)
Novomykhailivka (map), near the line of contact (as of 2023's fourth quarter); The village is in Pokrovsk Raion
Vuhledar, near the line of contact (as of 2024's fourth quarter).
Some of the Donetsk front is on the Southern front.
Novyi Komar, Volnovakha raion; near the line of contact (2024's fourth quarter)
Velyka Novosilka (map), the settlement is near the line of control (as of 2024's fourth quarter)
Urozhaine (map), controlled by Ukraine [as of 2024's first quarter]; It is in Velyka Novosilka ("municipality"), Volnovakha; The settlement is in the Berdiansk direction (of the counteroffensive).
Staromaiorske (map); The line of control is near [as of 2024's second quarter]
Zaporizhzhia front is part of the Southern front.
Novodarivka (map), near the line of contact (as of 2024's fourth quarter); The line is part of the Vremivka sector
Pryiutne (map),controlled by Russia [as of 2024's first quarter]; The village is in Polohy raion.
Chervone (map), near the line of control (as of 2024's third quarter)
Huliaipole, near the line of control (as of 2024's third quarter)
Charivne (map), near the line of control (as of 2024's third quarter). The line is part of the Orikhiv sector.
Mala Tokmachka (map), village, near the line of control (as of 2024's third quarter)
Novoprokopivka (map), controlled by Russia [as of 2024's first quarter]; The village is in Polohy raion.
Levadne (map), near the line of contact (as of 2024's third quarter)
Verbove (map), controlled by Russia [as of 2024's first quarter]; The settlement is in Polohy ("municipality"), Polohy, Zaporizhzhia.
Robotyne (map), [the line of contact is near] (as of 2024's first quarter); The settlement is in Tokmak ("municipality"), Polohy; The settlement is in the Melitopol direction (of the counteroffensive).
Piatykhatky (map), controlled by Ukraine [as of 2024's first quarter]; The settlement is in Stepnohirsk ("municipality"), Vasylivka
Lobkove (map), controlled by Ukraine [as of 2024's first quarter]; The settlement is in the Melitopol direction (of the counteroffensive).
Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant; It is shut down and, on the frontline, (as of 2024's first quarter).
In Kherson Oblast, there is a line of contact in
the Krynky sector (map) has at least one Ukrainian [ outpost or] bridgehead (outside or in the village, as of 2024's first quarter). It is in Oleshky ("municipality"), Kherson raion.
Dachi (map), controlled by Ukraine [as of 2024's first quarter]; The settlement is in Kherson ("municipality"), Kherson raion
"The defensive lines" of the Russian forces have mines that can stop soldiers and mines that can stop vehicles; The lines also have "trenches [...], razor wire, earthen berms and dragon's teeth" for obstructing (or getting in the way of) infantry and battle tanks and armored personnel carriers and infantry fighting vehicles. Those defensive lines "are over 24 km deep in some" places (as of July 2023).
Mines have been put on top of mines, and that destroys (or breaks) equipment for mine clearing.
Highway M14 is the main line of supply for Russian soldiers in Crimea; The highway goes in a western direction from Melitopol; The highway is not within range, of the places from which Ukraine is using HIMARS [and M270] vehicles to launch [GMLRS] rockets (as of 2023's third quarter).
===== Ukrainian counteroffensive =====
In Belgorod oblast (Russia), Ukrainian soldiers are continuing a counter-offensive (as of 2025's second quarter).
[As of 2025's second quarter], Ukraine is continuing its counter-offensive in Kursk oblast, Russia.
Russia took control of some villages in eastern Ukraine [as late as 2025's second quarter]. Ukraine took back a village (that it lost in early 2025).
Earlier (and as of August 2024), the frontline was no longer frozen, according to media. Earlier (and during the last week of 2023), the counter-offensive in eastern Ukraine, [had] (lost its momentum, or slowed down a lot, or) "stalled [... and there was a] "little-changed line of control", according to analysis on BBC's website. Large military gains seemed to have stopped some time earlier.
Ukrainian soldiers are attacking in the Melitopol direction from western Zaporizhia oblast, and they are also attacking "in the Berdyansk" direction, from eastern Zaporizhia oblast and western Donetsk oblast.
Settlements that have been liberated (during the 2023 counteroffensive), or those where occupation forces have left:
Stroivka (map)
Topoli (map)
Novoiehorivka (map), Kolomyichykha (hromada, similar to municipality), Svatove, Lukhansk; In 2023, Ukraine lost control of the village, but later took back control.
Zaliznianske (map), Soledar ("municipality"), Bakhmut, Donetsk
Klishchiivka (map), Bakhmut ("municipality"),
Andriivka (map), Bakhmut ("municipality")
Urozhaine and Staromaiorske and Makarivka (map) and Blahodatne (map) and Storozheve (map) and Neskuchne (map)
Rivnopil (map)
Novodarivka (map), Malynivka ("municipality"), Polohy; The settlement is in the Berdiansk direction (of the counteroffensive).
Levadne
Robotyne
Piatykhatky and Lobkove and Dachi
== Supplying weapons and other military equipment ==
The United States and European countries are taking supplies to an airport near the Ukrainian border - but on the outside of Ukraine; Things that are being supplied are anti-tank rockets, Stinger rockets (can be used against aircraft, and can be fired while resting on the shoulder of a soldier), [ battle tanks and other] armoured vehicles; automatic weapons, ammunition, MREs (food for soldiers, and the food does not need [more] cooking before eating), and fuel.
Another Ramstein meeting started in February 2025. An earlier meeting was the 25th meeting of the Ukraine Defense Contact Group, also known as the Ramstein group. The meetings are for co-ordinating sending more military equipment to Ukraine. Earlier (September 2024), the host of the meeting was the chief of defense (United States). The alliance has 54 countries, as of 2023; The group is led by the UK (as of 2025). There has been a meeting, about every month.
In regard to M86 Pursuit Deterrent Munition: U.S. authorities have said "yes" to Ukraine's forces to get those landmines.
In regard to Tomahawk rockets: Ukraine has asked (2024) for some (of those) rockets that can go 2,400 kilometers (1,500 miles)..
Joint Standoff Weapon or JSOW, is a kind of glide bomb that Ukraine is going to receive, according to U.S. authorities (September 2024).
"India has continued [as of September 2024] to allow the supply of Indian-made artillery shells to Ukraine", according to media. Furthermore, "European buyers have been transferring these shells to Ukraine for over a year".
"The leaders of the US and UK met in Washington (earlier in September 2024), [... to make] a decision to allow Ukraine to use Storm Shadow (picture) long-range missiles on Russian territory"; The decision is [delayed or] postponed (as of the first half of September).
Production of 155 mm artillery shells, has started in Ukraine, according to Oleksandr Kamyshin (an advisor to the president of Ukraine)].
Earlier in 2024, "Leaked Russian state documents [... say that Russia] secretly [... got] sensitive [things or] goods from India to support its war in Ukraine", according to media; Sanction that have been put in place by Western nations, were bypassed.
In November 2023, the US government told about a (new) $100 million military aid package to Ukraine that is supposed to include: a new HIMARS launcher that media says is able to launch GLSDB (or Ground Launched Small Diameter Bomb) missiles; The aid package will also have Stinger missiles and TOW missiles and 105 mm and 155mm shells.
Finland's government is going to double [multiply by 2] the production of "155mm artillery shells as well as 81mm and 120mm mortar" shells; Because of that, the government will invest " over $ 130 million over the next three to four years".
Regarding building barrels for howitzer [a kind of cannon]; British authorities have made an agreement (2024) that [ a British factory] will start making those parts again; Earlier, Britain had stopped making those important parts for howitzers.
Norwegian companies now can sell weapons and defense equipment, directly to Ukrainian authorities; The government of Norway said that on the first day of 2024.
Norway said (2024's first quarter) that it will pay 1.6 billion kroner, or $153 million (to or) towards the Czech initiative to purchase artillery ammunition for Ukraine. Earlier (in 2024) Norway decided to send two F-16 fighter jets to Denmark to help train Ukrainian pilots.
pbv 302 (picture), Infantry fighting vehicle (related page, Combat vehicle, will be (coming from, or) delivered from Sweden; About 80 or 100 of those are expected to come, according to media in 2024's second quarter.
Six CB90 fast assault boats (picture) will be [delivered or] transfered to Ukraine, according to media in 2024.
British authorities want (as of October 2024) to choose a company to make a new weapon, "One Way Effector Heavy (OWEH)"; It has to be able to go "500 kilometers [... and be] ground launched,[... and have] a flight speed of [... c.] 600 kph; The payload should be "200 to 300-kilogram ... based on the ... Mk82 aerial bomb"; It can be a "missile, drone, or another technology"; Each weapon is supposed to cost no more than £400,000, and that does not include "the payload, fuses [... and a place for] testing"; 20 weapons have to be produced every month, by the end of 2025.
As of 2025, the United States has [ invested] or "committed over $174 billion [for Ukraine's warfare or] to the nation at war"; Furthermore, "some [of that money is] invested in the ... arms industry [in the United States] to help supply [Ukraine's military or] Kyiv’s defense needs"; Furthermore, [the use of the money was followed, or] "the money is accounted for via US audits", according to a U.S. authority.
Norway
A transport plane flew (3 March 2022) out of Norway with M72 anti-tank weapons - 2,000 of those rocket launchers; Each weigh either 2 kg or 3 kg.
Shells for howitzers: 10,000 were sent by 4 January 2023; The shells are 155mm wide.
== Worldwide reactions ==
In regard to fundraising for atom bomb, to be controlled by Ukrainian authorities: Fundraising for the purchase of that, started immediately after a meeting ended (February 28, 2025) between Ukraine's president and the U.S. president.
15 leaders from the Western countries were in a group picture at Independence square, Kyiv (February 24); They showed their support for Ukraine's 3 years of fighting the Russian invasion.
In September 2024, "IMF [... delayed or postponed a] planned consultation [visit or] mission to Russia indefinitely", according to media; Furthermore, "nine European countries protested against the IMF’s plans to resume missions to Russia".
Earlier that month, "The Crimean Platform summit, which [... is supposed to talk about] the ongoing situation in Crimea, [was] taking place in Kyiv. Leaders from" some countries were there, including Lithuania's president, Latvia's prime minister and the president of the senate of Czechia.
Earlier (in 2024), the "Ukrainian President ... said [that the government] will not renew a gas transit contract [...] that allows Russia to pump gas [... thru Ukraine] to Europe", according to media; Furthermore, the contract ends on the last day of 2024.
The president of Russia gets criticism from other Russians; In 2024, "militia leader, Georgy Zakrevsky, said that the Russian army should" (remove Putin from power, or) overthrow him.
Since 2024, the "Russian propaganda network that has cultivated Americans like Tucker Carlson and Scott Ritter is ... officially considered a Kremlin intelligence apparatus" [or group of people], according to media.
Earlier (and in 2022), U.S. President Joe Biden said there would be sanctions on banks VEB.RF and Promsvyazbank.
On 24 February 2022, the Prime Minister of Australia Scott Morrison said there would be travel bans. There would also be financial sanctions against eight members of Russia's national security council.
The United Kingdom, United Nations, France, Germany, Spain, Japan, Sweden, Turkey, Norway, Canada, and Italy have also disagreed with the invasion.
On 24 February 2022, President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen said the group has allowed "massive" actions that would target technological transfers, Russian banks and Russian assets. That same day, President Putin said Western countries that take part in the actions "will face consequences".
On 26 February, the European Union, the United States and their allies say that they support in removing Russian banks from the SWIFT payment system. The next day, many European nations announced a ban on Russian flights in their airspace.
On 28 February, Switzerland, Monaco, Singapore, and South Korea put in place economic sanctions on Russia such as controlling exports and assets. These countries were once seen as neutral during global conflicts.
Tugan Sokhiev, the musical director and conductor of the Bolshoi Theatre [quit his job, or] did resign because he [wanted to stay neutral] or not take side in the conflict.
On 2 May, Russia announced it may be pulling out of the International Space Station in two years, because of the economic sanctions imposed on the nation because of the invasion.
In response to the invasion, on 15 May 2022, President of Finland Sauli Niinistö said that Finland will apply for membership in NATO. The following day, Sweden said that it would do the same.
Chinese authorities are stopping "Russian Boeing and Airbus aircraft, which foreign leasing companies own, from flying through or landing in its airspace"; That policy started in May 2022.
C. 60 military recruitment offices in Russia, have been attacked (as of January 2023); Some of those were set on fire; Some of the fires were a result of use of Molotov cocktails.
Finland became a member of NATO in April 2023.
A Finnish newspaper (Helsingin Sanomat) made a virtual room in the game Counter-Strike. That room has news articles about the war, in English and Russian. The room was made to avoid censorship of news media, in Russia.
The president of the United States said yes to a plan, for training Ukrainian pilots to fly F-16 fighter jets.
The making "of a new Ukraine–NATO Council", was announced at the summit meeting for member-countries of NATO (or 2023 Vilnius summit).
The Ukraine–NATO Council [did] meet on in July 2023, to discuss the situation in Ukraine. The council has [close] contact with Ukrainian authorities and NATO.
Russian authorities no longer get invited to the annual ceremony for liberation of the Norwegian county Finnmark; Ukrainian soldiers and other Soviet soldiers liberated Finnmark in October 1944; The president of Ukraine or his representative has been invited for the ceremony in 2024.
French authorities are not saying "no" to sending French soldiers to fight in Ukraine, in the future; On the other hand, NATO's secretary-general said (in 2024) that NATO-soldiers will not get sent to Ukraine.
Sweden became a member of NATO (March 2024).
American actor Mark Hamill has taken actions to support (the AFU or) Ukraine; He has headed fundraising for buying drones for Ukraine; He has also let Ukraine authorities use the voice of Luke Skywalker in some messages from the authorities.
NATO is involved in having weapons sent to Ukraine, and contributing about (more) training Ukrainian soldiers; The NATO Mission to Ukraine is a name used about that, but the name is not formal (as of 2024's second quarter).
NATO has [... done stuff, to make better its] its “forward presence”" [against armed forces that are perceived as unfriendly], according to media; Furthermore, that is "Following Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine"; Furthermore, NATO has put battlegroups or "multinational battlegroups in Bulgaria, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania and Slovakia"; Furthermore, the battlegroups are supported by warships "and combat aircraft along NATO’s eastern flank, from the Baltic Sea ... to the Black Sea".
[Some or many] Ukrainian sportspeople no longer shake hands with sportspeople that compete for national teams from Russia and from Belarus, according to media. Well-known cases, includes the case (in 2023) of Orla Kharlan (she won an Olympic gold medal in 2024).
The winner of the 2024 Olympic gold medal in high jump, said that this medal is for Ukrainian defenders of our country; Furthermore, thanks to defenders, she can be [at the Olympic games] and carry the Ukrainian flag. She also said, according to media, that her medal is for "the nearly 500 athletes and coaches who have been killed since Russia invaded her country in 2022".
Six Finnish childred were guests at a summer camp in Crimea. They, and a group traveling from Sweden, were guests of the occupation government.
A Danish lawmaker said (2024) that Denmark has given more than twice as much (to Ukraine), as Norway has given; Furthermore, Denmark has a gross domestic product that is 33% less than Norway's; Furthermore, the lawmaker says that Denmark will gladly give more, but that does not help a lot, as long as Denmark's neighboring countries do not (give or) contribute (more, or) in a similar way.
=== Reactions in literature, press photography, festivals and art ===
At Expo 2025, in Japan, Ukraine has a (place to show stuff, or a) pavillion; The name of the pavillion is The Not for Sale Store; There "Visitors to the exhibit [can] scan barcodes and watch stories about life in Ukraine during the Russian invasion", according to media.
2000 Meters to Andriivka (documentary film) has Mstyslav Chernov as its director.
The Grand Press Photo competition has been won several times, by photographers that took pictures of (parts of) the invasion.
In 2024, a "controversial [... movie] by a director who had worked with Russia’s RT [ television channel] was scheduled to be [shown or] screened at the [movie] festival in Toronto, but after a wave of protests, the organizers [did not show the movie, or] suspended the screening", according to media; The documentary movie is “Russians at War”.
Earlier in 2024, the movie Treasure by Stephen Fry, (came out, or) was released on a free video sharing social media website.
The [picture book or] photo book Saints, by Sasha Maslov (Ukrainian-American), came out in 2024.
Earlier (2023), a book by Sofi Oksanen, a Finnish-Estonian author, came out (or was published), In the same stream: Putin's war against women.
There is a "cultural front" that earns money outside Ukraine; Artists in "the front" earn money thru cultural activities, and then they give some of the money to Ukraine's fight against Russian forces.
=== Sanctions ===
The EU has put sanctions on Putin and the Russian foreign minister, as of 3 March 2022.
AIIB, or Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, is stopping loans to Russia and Belarus, media said on 4 March 2022.
EU countries have closed their airspace for Russian aircraft; On 6 June 2022 Montenegro and North Macedonia closed their airspace for the plane that was supposed to fly - Russia's foreign minister - to Serbia.
Russian cargo trucks do not have permission to drive into the European Union; However, it is okay to have a tractor unit that does not have Russian license plate, pull Russian semi-trailers into and within the EU.
Cars that have Russian license plates, do not have permission (as of 2023's fourth quarter) to drive into Poland, Finland, Norway, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania.
The International Criminal Court ICC has issued an arrest warrant for Vladimir Putin and Maria Lvova-Belova because of Ukrainian children being (moved or) relocated against their will - by Russian authorities.
A company from Finland, sold (as late as 2023) some equipment to measure weather, to a company in Taiwan; The equipment went by land (instead of by airplane); Media said (2024) that the equipment seems to have arrived in Russia without getting to Taiwan; Sanctions against Russia seems to have been broken, in that case.
As of 2024, there are sanctions that are supposed to stop Russia from selling gold to Western countries; However, Russia is selling gold to some countries in Africa, and that gold is sometimes being sold (to Western countries), as gold-from-Africa.
As of 2024's first quarter, the chief executive officer of Nornickel Group, is on the sanctions list of the United States, Great Britain and Canada, but not the EU.
Norway [is stopping] Russian citizens from crossing the Russian-Norwegian border; That rule [started] on May 29, 2024.
The production of Russia's "Su-57 fighter jets" has maybe stopped (as of October 2024) because of "trade sanctions [... that have been set in place] by the United States and its allies".
=== Other protests ===
Pro-Ukrainian protests have happened in front of many Ukrainian and Russian embassies. There have been many protests in Armenia, Australia, Bulgaria, Belgium, Canada, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Japan, Kazakhstan, Moldova, the Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Sweden, Taiwan, Turkey, the UK, and the US. In the Czech Republic, some 3,000 people protested in the Wenceslas Square in Prague.
On 14 March 2022, a woman held a sign with an anti-war message on the set of a news program on Channel One Russia during prime time; The sign said: "NO WAR. Stop the war. Do not believe propaganda they tell you lies here"; The sign also said, "Russians against war". Marina Ovsyannikova was arrested by police. She got a fine the next day and was then free to go from jail. The Russian court system sentenced her (in 2023's fourth quarter). She is supposed to be in a penal colony for 8 and a half years. However, she already escaped (from) Russia, in 2022.
=== Businesses ===
On 3 March 2022, Lukoil's board of directors said that it supported a stop (right now) to the armed conflict. On 8 March, some famous brands including McDonald's, Coca-Cola and Starbucks stopped sales in Russia, in response to its attacks on Ukraine.
The production of Lada cars stopped - and was in suspension, media said in March 2022.
On 16 May 2022, McDonald's said that it will permanently shut down its fast-food operations in Russia due to the "humanitarian crisis" and "unpredictable operating environment" caused by the invasion.
Since June 2023, Scandinavian Airlines has stopped selling products from Mondelez on its flights; That company owns Toblerone and the brands Freia and Daim. The airline has airport lounges; Products from PepsiCo are no longer served there [as of 2023's fourth quarter].
The NACP (or National Agency on Corruption Prevention) put Nestle on its list of international sponsors of the war in Ukraine because Nestle still (is doing business or) operating in Russia.
In regard to shipping companies (for passengers and cargo) in the Baltic Sea, boycotting Marabou products from Mondelez: Viking Line and
Tallink Silja stopped ordering product in 2023, but did not stop selling; However, Tallink stopped the boycot in 2024's second quarter; Viking Line has still stopped selling Marabou products.
=== Adding soldiers to the Ukrainian forces ===
From Russia, there are "Volunteers from Bashkortostan, the “Bashkort unit"; In 2024, volunteer soldiers took prisoners among Russian forces; Those volunteers also captured an infantry fighting vehicle.
About foreign soldiers maybe getting Ukrainian citizenship if they fight for the International Legion: Yevhen Yenin (First Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs) has said that the laws of Ukraine allow (or give permission) for that; The press agency Ukrinform said that [in March] 2022.
In March 2022, the Ukrainian Armed Forces published the first picture of International Legion soldiers; The picture showed some of those soldiers in a trench on the outskirts of Kyiv.
As of the same month, foreigners are given military training at Yavoriv military base.
The Sibir Battalion has around 60 soldiers, according to estimates (from 2023's fourth quarter); The soldiers are Russians that are fighting against Russia's armed forces.
Finland is one of the countries from which around 100 people have been fighting in Ukraine; Most of those people are back in Finland, according to estimates by broadcaster YLE.
=== Adding soldiers to the Russian forces ===
An article on website YLE.fi (in 2023) wrote that an activist from Sakha Republic, Russia, is saying that Russia is using minorities as soldiers- in a way that is a form of ethnic cleansing; Furthermore, the activist said that Russian authorities have picked up - by helicopter - indigenous people that are in the wilderness while they are herding reindeer; Thereafter indigenous people have been forced into military service.
Vacio, a rapper, has been called in to military service [in 2024, two weeks] after going to a party called the Almost Naked Party. Authorities say that it was wrong to have the party while people are dying in [the war or] special military operation in Ukraine.
In 2024, India's prime minister asked [Russia] for "the urgent return of Indian [... people] who had been recruited to fight for the Russian army in Ukraine", according to media; Furthermore, those Indian people, said that "they had been misled [or deceived] during recruitment".
=== Rebuilding infrastructure ===
The Ukraine Recovery Conference was held (again) in 2024; The meeting was held in Germany; People who came, included officials from Ukraine and other countries (related page, Recovery).
Earlier, 10 bridges [were] being sent (and paid for) by Norway's authorities, media said in December 2022.
=== Financial aid and countries gaining financially ===
Many countries have given financial aid to Ukraine's government.
At least one country has (as of April 28, 2024) had a (bigger or) increased income as a direct result of [Russian authorities using its natural gas supplies to finance the war, or] "Putin's natural gas war"; That (extra) income was more than 1500 billion Norwegian kroner, and 2% of that was given to Ukraine. Two days later, 6 billion Norwegian kroner were added by Norwegian authorites; That was on top of the 15 billion that those authorities already have given in 2024, in regard to military aid.
Earlier (and as of 2023), at least one country has (earned or) profited Norwegian kroner 334 billion, from the war, according to a thesis, for two masters degrees) in Europe. In 2024, Naomi Klein said that Norway's increasing wealth or "record profit, is [in part] a result of the war in Ukraine".
Earlier (February 2023), Norway's prime minister said that Norway will give Norwegian kroner 15 billion, for one year's (financial aid or) "assistance package": half of the money will be spent on things related to the military; The other half will be spent on (civilians or) the civil sector. After the first year, Norway will give (over a four-year period), 60 billion Norwegian kroner.
=== Visits by the leaders of countries and the most powerful international organisations ===
Ukraine's president went (September 2024) to the United States; He had meetings with both candidates for the 2024 presidential election; He also met the U.S. president, and had meetings "with U.S. lawmakers [at or] on Capitol Hill".
Earlier, Ukraine's president went to the United States, and had meetings with U.S. politicians.
==== Visits to Ukraine ====
Leaders of other countries have visited the leadership of Ukraine. After the start of the 2022 invasion, the British prime minister was the first leader (of a country), to visit (April 9, 2022).
Germany's leader visited again, in late 2024.
Earlier (2022), French president came, and British prime minister (visited in August 2022 and earlier that year). the German leader, and Norway's prime minister came. In 2023, the United States' president, came. In 2024, Finland's new president came.
The secretary-general of NATO came again (as late as 2024's second quarter).
The president of the European Council visited in 2023.
In 2024, India's prime minister came. The new secretary-general of NATO came to Ukraine; He had only been in office for two days (when he came in October).
=== Reactions in Ukraine ===
The national teams of Ukraine, are not allowed to compete (in sports) against teams from Russia and Belarus; The laws of Ukraine are saying that (as of 2023).
Some influencers have become internet celebrities because of the war. One of them is a soldier that operates drones. He makes a cooking program on a social media website.
If a Ukrainian man has three [or more] children, then he has (2025) no obligation to become a soldier.
== War crimes ==
30 Ukrainian POWs have been executed (by members of the Russian military) over some months, according to a United Nations report (published in March 2024).
Earlier (2022), media said that the International Criminal Court has started an investigation into crimes against humanity in Ukraine since 2013, as well as war crimes in the 2022 invasion.
The Ukrainian court system has held trials regarding war crimes:
The first war crimes trial was held in May 2022, regarding a Russian soldier who was ordered [or told] to shoot a civilian; He said that he is guilty; His punishment is a lifetime prison sentence; His case is under appeal (as of 2022's second quarter).
Two Russian soldiers were found guilty of having fired rockets at 2 towns; 11 years and 6 months in prison, is the punishment.
A group of Ukrainian journalists, Bihus.info, got (in 2024) a prize, partly for having uncovered war crimes by the Russian military; That Norwegian prize is Fritt Ord Award for freedom of the press.
=== A Russian on trial (in an EU country) ===
An EU country started (2024) a trial against a Russian citizen; He (idea or) intention, is that he will appeal the guilty verdict (2025). He is charged with 5 war crimes (as of 2024's fourth quarter). Police in an EU country suspects a Russian citizen of committing war crimes in Ukraine in 2014. Earlier (and as of December 2023), that Russian is under arrest in an EU-country. Earlier (in 2023's fourth quarter), police started a preliminary investigation against Voislav Torden, who is suspected of having done terrorism in Ukraine, and he is therefore suspected of having done at least one crime.
Earlier (December 2023), he was released from police custody and immediately he was put into the custody of border guards. Earlier his name was Yan Petrovsky. (In 2022, the Rusich Group and its commanders Milchakov and Yan Petrovsky were included in the US sanctions list for their "special cruelty" in the battles in the Kharkiv oblast.) A decision (in early December 2023) from Finland's supreme court, says that Torden will not be (handed over or) extradited to Ukrainian authorities.
== Weapons ==
Ukraine is using
Brimstone; Those rockets (or missiles) are used against targets on the ground. It can be launched from the ground or by aircraft.
Ground Launched Small Diameter Bomb (or GLSDB), a kind of weapon that has a range of 151 km (94 miles); The weapon's warhead is on the glide bomb (the SDB or Small Diameter Bomb). The SDB is in use (since 2024's first quarter). SDB [bombs] are likely one of the weapons of the F-16 fighter airplanes that Ukraine got (inside its borders), by the last day of July 2024.
ATACMS rocket, or Army Tactical Missile System; [At least] one type of long-range ATACMS is in use (as of 2024's second quarter); Those rockets can go either 270 km or 300 km (170 miles or 190). Another kind can go 165 km, and its warhead can have 500 kg of explosives. Some of the rockets have cluster bombs: M74 bomblets. The rockets use either of the (following) two kinds of rocket launchers: HIMARS or the M270. The estimated prices of ATACMS: The price of the M39 is $1,476,000 (as of fiscal year 2022). The price of the M57 is about $1,700,000 (fiscal year 2021).
GMLRS rockets (picture); Those rockets in Ukraine have a range of at least 84 km (52 mi), 227mm is the diameter of the rockets
HIMARS is an often-used name for a kind of rocket launcher: M142 HIMARS. It can carry one ATACMS rocket (or six GMLRS rockets), at a time. The launcher is sometimes called MLRS.
M270, a multiple rocket launcher; It can carry two ATACMS rocket (or 12 GMLRS rockets), at a time. The launcher is sometimes called MLRS.
M777 howitzers (picture; a kind of cannon); It uses 155mm shells.
M109 howitzer and shells with a range of 30 km.
Bohdana, howitzer
Hawkeye (howitzer), 105mm shells, in use since 2024's second quarter
Phoenix Ghost, a kind of drone that can blow up (or explosive drone) or loitering weapon; It can fly for up to 6 hours
Scythe, drone
NLAW (picture), shoulder-fired missile (or rocket); Battle tanks are one kind of target for those weapons.
Javelin anti-tank missile system
AMRAAM rockets (for NASAMS II); Ukraine has NASAMS air defense system.
IRIS-T, surface-to-air missile; It can go up to 20,000 m (66,000 ft) above sea level. It can travel 25 km (16 mi) (but not higher than 20 km).
ADM-160, a kind of decoy missile (or a kind of Military dummy); (picture)
Hellfire (rockets or) surface-to-surface missiles; each of those missiles (in Ukraine) is fired from a tripod that is put on the ground; weight of the missile: 45kg.
CAESAR (cannon or) howitzer
Milan anti-tank (rocket or) missile.
Tryzub, a "laser system [... that] can down aircraft at altitudes" more than 2 kilometers
ALQ-213(V), electronic warfare system; "It is almost certain that the [... system has been] installed" in some F-16 fighter jets (as of August 2024).
=== Surface-to-air rockets ===
=== Drones, sea drones and ground drones ===
"Jamming systems used [against drones] at [the front line or] the zero-line [use or] covered frequencies from 350 MHz to 950 MHz, but an attack drone [... was found by soldiers, that was using or] operating on 150 MHZ, something they had not seen before", according to media in 2025.
UX 11 Colibri; Some kamikaze drones have been shipped to Ukraine, by France; They are expected to arrive "a few days" after the beginning of November 2024.
As of 2024's third quarter, Ukraine is making (its own) "flight controllers and motor speed regulators" for drones, but the "engines and control units are still Chinese"; Production is going on in the Ukrainian city of Lviv.
Warheads "from the [...] Javelin anti-tank system [... have sometimes been used] in first-person view (FPV) attack drones", according to media (in 2024).
Lord (drone) is still [being constructed or] under development (as of 2024's fourth quarter); The range of those drones is supposed to be 2000 km.
In regard to some drones, that are missiles; "Long-range one-way-attack drones are essentially a type of [missile or] missile projectile", according to [at least] one expert (in 2024).
Mothership drones are in use.
=== No longer used by Ukrainian forces ===
No longer supplied to Ukrainian forces,
Excalibur (Picture) 155 mm artillery shells (picture); This kind of ammunition for artillery, has a "range of up to 40 kilometers" (related page, shell (projectile)). Its projectile can be steered after being fired. In 2024, there was an end to (turning over to, or) giving this kind of shell to Ukrainian forces.
=== Used by Russian forces ===
Russia is using
Gerbera (drone), known to have been used as early as 2024's third quarter.
Parodiya (drone), used as a decoy; The main "mission [of these airplanes] is to spoof more expensive strike drones [... used by Ukraine, according to] military analysts"; Parodiya drones have a Luneburg sphere (picture).
TOS-1 (ТОС-1), a multiple rocket launcher that can also use rockets with thermobaric warheads; Those warheads kill through "pressure wave, and more importantly, the subsequent [ decompression of air - sometimes called a vacuum ...], which ruptures the lungs. ... If the fuel [burns or] deflagrates but does not [... explode], victims will be severely burned and will probably also [... breathe] the burning fuel".
Geran-2 and Shahed-136, a family of drones that can blow up (or explosive drone; see explosive)
T-90 tanks, T-90M and T-90S (which is the kind which Russia sells to other countries, or export version)
Lancet, a family of drones; Lancet 3 has a range of 50 km.
R-77, air-to-air missile; also R-37
MT-LBV, a kind of armoured personnel carrier, which is a kind of combat vehicle; Picture
Kinzhal ('dagger'), missile; This kind has been used 3 times in 2022; and six times in 2023's first quarter However, The Financial Times said that "about 15" had been fired at Ukraine, until the rocket attacks on 9 March.
R-330Zh Zhitel, signal jamming equipment for electronic warfare; Picture
K-300P Bastion-P (NATO reporting name SS-C-5 Stooge), a mobile coastal defence missile system.
Borisoglebsk-2, electronic warfare (EW) system; It is [fastened to - or] mounted on a MT-LBu (ground) vehicle.
Murom-M, airspace surveillance system; It can do thermal imaging.
Kasta-2E2, a radar from the Kasta 2E family of radars (picture); It is used for early warning.
S-500 Prometheus Surface-to-air rockets system; Parts of the system are on Crimea (as of 2024's second quarter); The system has 77P6 launch vehicle, 55K6MA and 85Zh6-2 command posts, the 91N6A(M) radar for "acquisition and battle management", the 96L6-TsP [radar for] ([ target acquisition or) "acquisition", the 76T6 radar for multimode and 77T6 radars [for ABM engagement]; These things are fastened to BAZ trucks or trailers.
"2S6 “Tunguska”
Hyacinth-S 152-mm self-propelled gun 2S5
KAB-500S-E, a guided bomb; It uses satellite navigation. The bomb can be dropped from as high as 5,000 m (16,000 ft); While it is falling, it can end up (operational range), 40 km away or less. It does not have a propulsion system. Sometimes it is called a glide bomb. It is part of the KAB-500 family of bombs.
Qaem-5 (picture), a guided bomb
so-called barn tanks (related page, barn) are also known as [turtle tank or] turtle or blyat-mobile
T-80, tank or main battle tank; It is "less widely use in the Russian army than the T-72" (as of 2024); There were only 360 in the Russian army (as of 2000). The "secret Russian Volnorez (Breakwater) counter-drone electronic warfare (EW) system" has been found on [at least one] T-80, according to media; That system was installed on the tank.
Pantsir rocket (picture), also called "Greyhound", by NATO; surface to air missile; It costs c. 13 million U.S. dollars [internationally]. The S-1 model is [one of the models] in use.
Granit-M or R-419GM (picture), a radio-relay station; It costs 25 million U.S. dollars.
Msta-S, howitzer; It has its own propulsion.
Buk-M1-2; "The latest version [...] is estimated to cost around $100 million" (as of 2024), according to media.
Sapphire (electronic warfare system), in use since 2023 (at least)
Buk-M3
Buk-M2
ZFB-05, armored personnel carrier
Tor missile system; The Gauntlet air defense system is a part of it.
Kh-59MK, cruise missile
PARS-S Stepashka, anti-drone rifle (or gun); Ukrainian authorities has taken apart, one of those weapons (as of 2024).
BMD-4, infantry fighting vehicle that can cross deep water; picture
Zoopark (picture), radar system
Oreshnik (missile)
Russia has
"9C19 Ginger, this Soviet-era self-propelled sector survey radar station is [a part of, or] an integral component of the S-300V"
TOS-2, a thermobaric weapon (also called aerosol bomb, a vacuum bomb or a fuel air explosive (FAE))
Izdeliye-55, or 'Product 55 (drone)
=== Used by both sides ===
fiber-optic drones; Those have a fiber-optic line that rolls out of a spool, as the drone moves away from where it was launched.
Cluster bombs
2S7 Pion, cannon with its own propulsion system; The cannon uses 203 mm shells.
AZP S-60 (picture), anti-aircraft gun; Ammunition can be found so that the gun can be used for [attacks on armored vehicles] "anti-armor or [attacks on groups of soldiers or] anti-personnel roles".
UR-77 Meteorit, mine clearing vehicle; It has also been used to clear a way - 6 metres wide and up to 90 meters long, for Russian forces to get into trenches that are held by Ukrainian forces.
T-72B3M, a tank (or main battle tank). It is part of the T-72 family of tanks.
=== Loss of aircraft ===
Russia has lost at least 200 combat airplanes and helicopters (as of 2024's second quarter), according to Oryx (an organisation).
== Strength and training ==
France finished training and equipping a new Ukrainian brigade (November 2024); About 4,500 soldiers are in the 155th "Anna of Kyiv" brigade.
F-16 pilots; Ukraine has 20 of them (as of 2024).
Earlier (and by Fall 2023), more than 60.000 Ukrainian soldiers had been trained in the West.
=== Soldiers and other people in the military ===
Ukraine:
209,000 (armed forces)
102,000 (paramilitary)
20,000 foreign volunteers
Russia:
":~175,000–190,000
Donetsk PR:
20,000
Luhansk PR:
14,000
In May 2022, Ukraine authorities says it has 700,000 servicemembers on active duty fighting the Russian invasion.
There are "68,000 women listed as serving in the Ukrainian army in 2024", according to media. The number of women that have an enlistment contract (they are soldiers) to the Ukrainian Armed Forces: 50,000 (as of December 2022).
Reserves (or soldiers not on active duty):
Ukraine:
900,000 according to media in 2021
==== At the start of the invasion ====
Russia:
175,000–190,000 (armed forces)
34,000 (separatist militias)
Ukraine:
196,600 (armed forces)
102,000 (paramilitary)
== Casualties ==
More than 100,000 soldiers have died. Over 1,000,000 soldiers are injured.
From Australia, about seven soldiers had died (by early October 2024).
From Finland, at least two soldiers (in the International Legion) had died (by the end of 2023).
Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (see hantavirus) has become a problem on the Russian side of the Kupiansk (map) front, according to Ukraine authorities (2023's fourth quarter); The disease has resulted in significant loss in ability to fight, according to media.
=== Treating wounded soldiers in other countries ===
No injured Ukrainian soldiers had yet been taken into Norway (as of 31 May 2022); On 31 May, the (Norwegian) minister of justice was ordered (or told) to come to parliament, later that day to answer questions about that. That evening, the justice minister said that Norway will let injured Ukrainian soldiers come to Norway; Those soldiers will be part of a total of 550 injured Ukrainian civilians and soldiers. On 12 June 2022, the first wounded soldiers came to Norway.
=== Civilians ===
The UN said that (15 January 2023): at least 7,031 civilians have died, because of the war.
== Impact (on refugees and the culture sector and the environment) ==
The offices of Ukraine's largest printing house were attacked (May 23, 2024 in Kharkiv) by Russian forces; Seven people were killed.
Environmental problems: The river Seym has (as of 2024) pollution; Media has called it an environmental disaster.
=== Refugees ===
Acc. to the UN (21 March 2022):4.3 million+ refugees and 6.5 million internally displaced person.
The President of Moldova, Maia Sandu, said over 4,000 Ukrainian citizens had crossed into Moldova since the invasion started. Poland [did get ready for] a large number of refugees to enter the country. To make border crossings easier, Poland lifted COVID-19 entry rules. Ukrainian refugees started crossing into Romania as well. Most of them entered through Siret in Suceava County. Romania said refugees did not need to quarantine or follow COVID rules.
== Details about the warfare ==
In regard to use of chemical weapons: "More than 2,000 Ukrainian [... soldiers] have been [put in hospital] due to chemical weapons poisoning caused by [...] Russian forces since the [... beginning] of Russia's ... invasion of Ukraine", according to media in 2024. Furthermore, at "least three people have died".
In regard to the use of fighting holes for two people: There is an increase in use of those foxholes (or defensive fighting position), according to media (as of 2025); This came about, largely because drones are being used to drop munitions onto a bunker so that an explosion can make a new opening into the bunker; Thru that new hole, another drone, can fly thru the hole and look for soldiers to hurt inside the bunker.
In regard to booby traps: Dead soldiers have been buried in graves; In some incidents, a body in a grave has been connected to a booby trap: when a grave is opened and a body is touched, then a grenade or other explosive weapon (see explosive), blows up.
In regard to use of artificial intelligence for warfare: As of 2024, "Russia has ... used artificial intelligence to help launch its attacks while AI has helped Ukraine defend itself from [many attacks on computer systems, or] the cyber onslaught".
== Ideas about peace ==
Ukraine and Russia had peace talks (May 2025).
Earlier (April 23), officials from Ukraine and other European countries said (in a meeting with U.S. officials), that "Sanctions against Russia should [... stay in place] until [... there is a] peace [... that lasts for a long time; The sanctions] must be [... put back in place] if Russia breaks" the peace or its conditions; Furthermore, "Western allies should provide ... security guarantees, possibly [... similar to the security guarantee between NATO member-countries or similar to] NATO’s Article 5"; That proposal goes against the peace plan of the U.S. government; The details of the U.S. plan, are not known to the public.
Ukraine's government has 3 "red lines for Ukraine in any peace deal", according to media (March 17); Furthermore, the foreign minister says that the government will not "[stop its plans for membership in NATO and EU, or] compromise on its EU and NATO aspirations, or agree to a [weaker or] neutered military"; Furthermore, the government "[will not or] would not recognize Russian-occupied territories".
"British and French military trainers [or a kind of teacher] are expected to be sent to western Ukraine", according to media (last week of April).
A mineral deal (or agreement) was signed April 30. Earlier ideas (or drafts) of the deal, is about minerals "including oil and gas". Another name for the mineral deal, is Ukraine–United States Mineral Resources Agreement.
A meeting between the president of Ukraine, and the U.S. president: that happened as late as April. The following month, the US vice-president and the US secretary of state met the Ukrainian president.
A peace plan, the Three Pillar Peace Plan, has been put forward by Mark Burns, a pastor, and politician Lindsey Graham, and the Peace Through Strength Institute.
The inner circle of the U.S. president, in regard to the peace plan and the war, includes politicians Don Bacon, and Brian Fitzpatrick.
Earlier (February 27), the British prime minister met with the U.S. president to talk about Ukraine; Trump got a letter from king Charles and was invited to the palace for a dinner (on some other day).
Earlier that month, Ukraine's president said that “If there is peace for Ukraine, [and] if you really need me to leave my [... job, then] I am ready. ... I can exchange it for NATO [or a membership in NATO, for Ukraine]” ; He can (or is willing to) leave his job immediately [or right away] if necessary.
At least one U.S. official came (February 19) to Ukraine. The U.S. envoy for Ukraine, came.
Earlier (February 18, 2025) some people from the U.S. government and from the Russian government, had a meeting (in Saudi Arabia), about peace in Ukraine.
Earlier (February 17 and 18), a group of leaders of EU countries came to an emergency summit [or meeting]; It was held by France's president. The leaders came from the member countries of the Weimar+ group. Some of those leaders say that "[... their countries can take some of their soldiers to Ukraine, or deploy] peacekeepers to Ukraine to back up any peace deal"; However, it is "too early (February 17) to say how many British troops [... UK's prime minister] would be willing to deploy", according to media.
Earlier (and in February),
Ukraine's president said that he "does not believe in security guarantees without" the United States.
In regard to Ukraine maybe getting Taurus rockets (picture); "We should be willing to [give such rockets to Ukraine, or] deliver them, but only if" there is agreement between EU countries, according to the leader of politcal party CDU; He said that at the Munich Security Conference.
Media said that the U.S. government "has been clear that we expect European partners to take the lead in establishing [... security or] a security framework [... according to] a US State Department spokesperson" (February); Furthermore, the U.S. government asked how can it help its European partners, so that the partners can take charge of securing peace in Ukraine: "[how many soldiers and how much weapons, will maybe] be needed from the US to [keep in place a peace deal, or] sustain a peace deal".
The Munich Security Conference has ended; The conference [... ended] on February 16, 2025. "No Russian government representatives [were] at the conference, according to media..
As of early December 2024, "the [ possibility or] prospect of negotiations to end the war in Ukraine" is growing, according to the head of Russia’s Foreign Intelligence Service; Furthermore, "the tasks set by [... Russia's president,] are [almost finished or] close to fulfillment".
Earlier in December, there was a meeting in France; The presidents of France and Ukraine, met with the president-elect of the United States. Media says that a "Ukrainian official said they had discussed "some key conditions" for ending the war"; Furthermore, "the presidents discussed at the meeting that there should be something that would guarantee [that there can be trust in that peace, or] the reliability of the peace".
Earlier (November 2024), Ukraine's president said that "The war will end, but there is no exact date. Certainly, with the policies of [the upcoming president's team or] the team that will now lead the White House, the war will end sooner", according to media.
A peace agreement during the upcoming presidency of the United States (2025-), will likely have a part or "outline [... that] will involve: Lines get frozen along the current front, but no [lessening of sanctions, or] sanctions moderation on Russia until a long term agreement is reached" about land. An article in the Kyiv Post said that earlier in November 2024.
"The Second World Peace Summit will not take place in November" 2024, according to media's quote of an advisor to the head of the President’s Office, in Ukraine.
Earlier (September 2024), "The Permanent Representative to the United Nations for the US [... said] that Kyiv’s allies in Washington have seen the new “peace plan” drafted ... by Ukraine's president [...], calling it “a plan that can work”", according to media.
Earlier that month, "India’s National Security Adviser [... is supposed to] travel to Moscow for meetings with" Russia's president; The goal is to resolve the war in Ukraine".
Earlier (and at the end of July 2024), the president of Ukraine said that "Giving up Ukrainian territories is a very, very difficult question", according to media.
The leader of China and the president of Ukraine have not met "since the start of the war", according to media (end of July 2024); However, they did speak "once by telephone, in April 2023".
Earlier in July, there was a first visit "of any senior Ukrainian official [in China] since Russia invaded Ukraine" in 2022. During the visit, Ukraine's government told "China that Russia [is] not ready for 'good faith' talks" about peace, according to media. The foreign minister of Ukraine came to China, and had talks with the foreign minister of China.
Earlier (and in 2024's third quarter), the mayor of Kyiv was thinking that the president of Ukraine "will likely need to hold a public referendum before [trading some land for peace, or] agreeing to any territorial compromises with Russia". The Vatican's secretary of state met with Ukraine's president in Kyiv; They talked about peace and exchanges of prisoners between Russia and Ukraine.
The June 2024 Ukraine peace summit, happened in Switzerland..
Earlier (May 2023), Ukrainian authorities said that all Russian forces must leave Ukraine, before there can be any negotiations about peace. In November 2023, Ukraine's president said a similar thing.
In regard to using NATO membership (for Ukraine) as a bargaining card (or something to trade for something else): at least one NATO member-country has shared the idea with authorities outside its own government. In August 2023, the Director of the Private Office of the NATO Secretary General said that "I think that one solution could be that Ukraine gives up [land or] territory, and gets a NATO membership" [as part of that deal or] in return". Someone else that has the same idea, is a former advisor of Ukraine's president.
In November, media said that one of the ideas would result in giving support for Russia's [military attacks or] aggression: A former secretary-general of Nato said that the area that the Ukrainian government has under its control, should become a NATO-member.
A Ukrainian authority said (2023) that negotiations follow a war, "but the principles are important, she said, and she referred to [,or talked about]" a (Ukrainian [government]) list of ten things [that must happen] according to Ukraine authorities.
Indonesian leaders have come with ideas about peace (as late as 2024); One idea is to make a joint economic zone; Furthermore, "economic cooperation and having the two countries being dependent on each other", can be a way "to reduce hostilities".
Officials from many countries, have attended meetings about peace; One meeting [happened] in June 2024; "freedom of navigation and food security" and nuclear security [including possible guarantees that Russia will not use nuclear bombs, [were] major topics. Russia did not go to at that meeting. In August 2023, there was a (meeting or) conference in Saudi Arabia, without Russian officials. Earlier (June), there was a meeting in Denmark, without Russian officials.
Views of leaders whose countries do the most business with Russia: India has not joined the countries that have an embargo against Russia; However, India's prime minister said (in September 2022, to Vladimir Putin) that now 'is not an era of war' [or a time for war].
In October 2024, media said that "Konstantin Remchukov, owner and editor of Russian newspaper Nezavisimaya Gazeta, published an important article in his newspaper"; Furthermore, the article (seems to or) "appears to lay out a Kremlin proposal for peace negotiations in Ukraine"; The Moscow correspondent for BBC wrote about that (in an article, “About Putin and Russia Today”).
Media said that the Kremlin (of Russia) gave notice (in late April 2025) about stopping or "[to] halt all [Russia's] military operations from May 8-10 in honor of the 80th anniversary of Victory Day". Ukraine's president gave a response: "For some reason, everyone is supposed to wait until May 8 before [a stop in shootings, or] ceasing fire, just to [... give] Putin ... silence for his parade. We value human lives, not parades. ... there is no reason to wait until May".
== Idea about elections (during war) ==
Martial law (in Ukraine) is due to last, at least until August 2025. Also, "Elections can not ... be held in Ukraine under martial law, which must be [made longer or] extended every 90 days". The next Ukrainian presidential election is likely to happen when martial law has been finished for 60 days (according to Verkhovna Rada's chairman). Another idea is that martial law must have been finished for six months.
In regard to parliamentary elections: a new date, has not been chosen [as of 2025's first quarter].
Oleksiy Arestovych said (in 2023's fourth quarter) that his (idea or) intention is that he will be one of the candidates "whenever the next [ presidential] elections will be held in Ukraine". The previous presidential election, was in 2019.
=== Ideas that the president (of Ukraine) has ===
Ukraine's president said (November 2023) that a time of war, is not the right time for an election.
Earlier (August 2023), Ukraine's president said that Ukraine has money for fighting against invaders and buying weapons; The government does not expect to take some of that money to set up (wartime) elections. However, if other countries pay for elections (in Ukraine, during this war), and if Ukrainian lawmakers understand that we need elections during the war, then laws can be changed to make those elections possible, according to Ukraine's president. He also said that the cost of elections during times of peace, is around 5 billion Hryvnja (Ukrainian money).
== War economy ==
Media said (2025) that the view of a Ukrainian authority, is that "victory is only possible" thru significant damage to the war economy of Russia; According to Valerii Zaluzhnyi, "destruction of its (or Russia's) military-economic potential", is necessary.
== United States Government Changes ==
United States President Trump, Vice President JD Vance, and Elon Musk (head of the Department of Government Efficiency) are against Ukraine. Former president Joe Biden and many others were in support of Ukraine. This is causing the United States to stop the funding of Ukraine.
== Military units ==
=== Russian units ===
810th Naval Infantry Brigade, fighting in Kursk oblast, Russia (as of 2024's fourth quarter).
83rd Guards Air Assault Brigade, were hit in Kursk oblast, by rockets being fired from HIMARS (2024's fourth quarter)
39th Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade
37th Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade
36th Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade
40th Naval Infantry Brigade
5th separate tank brigade
218st Tank Regiment
60th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade
114th Motorized Rifle Regiment
143rd Motorized Rifle Regiment from the 127th MRD
1st squad BARS
69th Separate Motorized Rifle Brigade
22nd separate special purpose brigade
247th Guards Air Assault Regiment
1152nd motorized rifle regiment
503rd Motorized Rifle Regiment, at Nesterianka (as of 2024's fourth quarter)
125st Regiment (DPR)
429th Motorized Rifle Regiment, near Kamianske, Vasylivka Raion
Six brigades are being made larger (as of 2025), so that each of those will become a corps.
== Related pages ==
Spillover of the Russian invasion of Ukraine
List of ongoing armed conflicts
Russo-Ukrainian War
Ghost of Kyiv
The Long Breakup, a film by the filmmaker Katya Soldak about the relationship between Ukraine and Russia.
Vitalii Skakun, a Ukrainian "Suicide Bomber" that helped slow Russian advances into Ukraine. Formerly a combat engineer.
== Notes ==
== References ==
== Other websites ==
Media related to 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine at Wikimedia Commons
Part of Putin's national address pre-invasion, comments archived at archive.today, video archived at ghostarchive.org
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HARRISBURG, Pa. -- Nippon Steel and U.S. Steel said Wednesday they have finalized their “historic partnership,” a year-and-a-half after the Japanese company first proposed its deal to buy the iconic American steelmaker for nearly $15 billion.The pursuit by Nippon Steel for the Pittsburgh company was buffeted by national security concerns and presidential politics in a premier battleground state, delaying the transaction for more than a year after U.S. Steel shareholders approved it. It also forced Nippon Steel to expand the deal, including adding a so-called “golden share” provision that gives the federal government a say in some matters.“Together, Nippon Steel and U.S. Steel will be a world-leading steelmaker, with best-in-class technologies and manufacturing capabilities,” the companies said.The combined company will become the world's fourth-largest steelmaker, and bring what analysts say is Nippon Steel's top-notch technology to U.S. Steel's antiquated steelmaking processes. In exchange, Nippon Steel gets access to a robust U.S. steel market, strengthened in recent years by tariffs under President Donald Trump and former President Joe Biden, analysts say.Nippon Steel and U.S. Steel did not list the full terms of the deal, and did not release a national security agreement struck with Trump's administration.But in a statement Wednesday, the companies said the federal government will have the right to appoint an independent director and “consent rights” on specific matters. Those include reductions in Nippon Steel's capital commitments in the national security agreement, closing or idling of U.S. Steel’s existing domestic facilities and changing U. S. Steel’s name and headquarters.Nippon Steel announced in December 2023 that it planned to buy the steel producer for $14.9 billion in cash and debt, and committed to keep the U.S. Steel name and Pittsburgh headquarters. The United Steelworkers union, which represents some U.S. Steel employees, opposed the deal, and Biden and Trump both vowed from the campaign trail to block it. Biden used his authority to block Nippon Steel’s acquisition of U.S. Steel on his way out of the White House after a review by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States.After he was elected, Trump changed course and expressed openness to working out an arrangement and ordered another review by the committee. That’s when the idea of the “golden share” emerged as a way to resolve national security concerns and protect American interests in domestic steel production.As it sought to win over American officials, Nippon Steel also made a series of bigger capital commitments in U.S. Steel facilities, tallying $11 billion through 2028, it said.___Follow Marc Levy on X at: https://x.com/timelywriter
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